Physical Agents

Question 1

Trauma

Answer 1

Damage cells directly eg crushing or tearing or indirectly by disruption of the flood supply to these cells and tissues

Question 2

Temperature extremes

Answer 2

Low intensity heat; damage blood vessels accelerate certain reactions or halt those with temp sensitive enzymes
Extreme heat; denatures enzymes and other proteins
Cold; vasoconstriction, limiting blood supply to cells and tissues
Extreme cold; freezes cells with formation of ice crystals within the cylosol that disrupt cell membranes

Question 3

Radiation( Ionizing)

Answer 3

Ionizes atoms or molecules which causes direct cell membrane or organelle damage as well as production of free radicals that react with other cellular components esp DNA

Question 4

Ultraviolet radiation

Answer 4

Disrupts cellular bonds with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ros)
It also damages DNA through production of pyrimidine dimers

Question 5

Electric shock

Answer 5

Electrical currents generate heat as they pass through which result un burns.
Once current enters the body it is conducted through tissues of least re sistance esp the nervous system, where disruption of impulses results in indirect injury to cells and tissues