Cellular Injury Intro

Question 1

Possible outcomes of cell injury

Answer 1

The cell may adapt to the situation
The cell may acquire a reversible injury
The cell may obtain an irreversible injury and may die

Question 2

Two ways of all death

Answer 2

Apoptosis and necrosis

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

Process by which cells are able to maintain normal structure and function in response to normal physiological demands.
This enables them to make functional or structural adaptations to maintain viability in response to stresses such as excessive physiological demand and pathological stimuli

Question 4

Cellular adaptation

Answer 4

Cells may respond to stimuli by either increasing or decreasing their content of specific organelles
Eg atrophy, hypertrophy hyperplasia and metaplasia

Question 5

Cell injury

Answer 5

If the limits of adaptive response are exceeded, or adaptation Is not possible, a sequence of events called cell injury occurs

Question 6

Reversible cell injury

Answer 6

Removal of stress will result in complete structural and functional integrity to be restored

Question 7

Irreversible cell injury

Answer 7

If stimulus persists or is severe from the start the cell will suffer irreversible cell injury and cell death i.e necrosis or apoptosis

Question 8

Necrosis

Answer 8

Type of cell death characterized by severe membrane injury and enzymatic degradation
It is always pathological

Question 9

Apoptosis

Answer 9

Regulated form of cell death. Can be physiological or pathological

Question 10

Causes of cellular injury

Answer 10

Hypoxia
Physical agents
Chemical toxins and drugs
Microbiologic agents
Immunologic reactions
Genetic defects
Nutritional imbalances
Workload imbalances
Aging
Extrinsic and intrinsic Aetiological agents