Physical Activity & Cancer Rehabilitation - Recurrence & Survival Outcomes

Question 1

What category of cancer survivors have the worst survival rates?

Answer 1

Overweight Breast Cnacer survivors

Question 2

Why do overweight breast cancer survivors have to worst survival rate?

Answer 2

• Higher estrogen & androgen concentrations in obese women
• Later stage of diagnosis & larger tumour size
• Correlation with SES (less access to screen treatments)
• Other factors (increased insulin, IGF, decreased sex hormone-binding globulin)

Question 3

What causes weight gain for breast cancer survivors?

Answer 3

Chemotherapy because…
- Increases hunger
- chemo drugs
- Reduced activity levels

Question 4

What increases risk of breast cancer reccurrence?

Answer 4

Overweight, underweight and obesity

Question 5

What are some potential mechanisms explaining associations between obesity, PA and breast cancer prognosis?

Answer 5

• Increased: inflammation, estrogen, angiogenesis, adiposity, insulin, glucose, oxidative stress
• Decreased: physical activity, breast cancer prognosis

Question 6

What did Kroenke et al. 2005 study?

Answer 6

Nurses Health Study participants (533 breast cancer deaths, 681 recurrences) followed from 1976-2002

Question 7

What did Kroenke et al. 2005 find?

Answer 7

Weight gain of 2.0kg/m2 after diagnosis is associated with
- elevated risk of recurrence
- elevated risk of breast cancer mortality
- all-cause mortality

Question 8

What is a limitation and benefit to hundreds of epidemiologic studies?

Answer 8

limitation: Not experimental
benefit: they can do lots with data because of the large sample size (millions of participants)

Question 9

What did physical activity in cancer prevention and survival: a systemic review find?

Answer 9

In Breast, colorectal and prostate cancers there is more evidence showing less chance of dying after cancer diagnosis if the individual is physically active throughout their treatment