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socsci > physci > Flashcards

physci Flashcards

1
Q

came from the discovery of Stone Age flint tools, which were used for scraping and cutting meat.

A

TABUN

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2
Q
  • activities to provide outright avoidance of the adverse impact of hazards and means to minimize related environmental, technological and biological disasters.
A

PREVENTION

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3
Q

proactive actions that allows national, sectorial, regional, or local government and its partners to support and engage the intellectual, physical, and economic resources to chart a course toward a desired future of development related on each level.

A

DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS-

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4
Q

the provision of assistance or intervention during or immidiately after a disaster to meet life preservation and to meet basic subsistence needs of those people affected

A

RELIEF-RESPONSE-

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5
Q

structural and non-structural measures undertaken to limit the adverse impact of natural hazards, environmental degradation and technological hazards

A

MITIGATION

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6
Q

pre-disaster activities that are undertaken within the context of disaster risk management and are based on sound risk analysis.

A

PREPAREDNESS

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7
Q

decisions and actions taken after a disaster with a view ti restoring or improving the pre-disaster living conditions of the stricken community, while encouraging and facilitating necessary adjustments to reduce dister risk.

A

RECOVERY

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7
Q

-is rapid at a very high temperature.

A

FIRE OR COMBUSTION

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8
Q

-is a chemical process where there is a loss of electrons.

A

OXIDATION

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9
Q

-is the condition determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental process that increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of disasters.

A

VULNERANILITY

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9
Q

-systematic process of using administrative decisions, organization, operational skills and capacities to implement policies

A

DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

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10
Q
  • a combination of all the strengths and resources available within a community, society or organization that can reduce the level of risk or effects of a disaster.
A

CAPACITY

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11
Q

-can be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and recovery to lessen the impact of disasters.

A

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

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12
Q

fires involving solid materials such as wood, paper or textiles.

A

Class A

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13
Q

fires involving live electrical apparatus. (Technically ‘Class E’ doesn’t exists however this is used for convenience here)

A

Class E

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14
Q

fires involving cooking oils such as in deep-fat fryers.

A

Class F

15
Q

fires involving gases

A

Class C

16
Q

This first stage begins when heat, oxygen and a fuel source combine and have a chemical reaction resulting in fire. This is also known as “ignition” and is usually represented by a very small fire which often (and hopefully) goes out on its own, before the following stages are reached. Recognizing a fire in this stage provides your best chance at suppression or escape.

A

Incipient

16
Q

fires involving flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel or oils.

A

Class B

17
Q

Usually the longest stage of a fire, the decay stage is characterized a significant decrease in oxygen or fuel, putting an end to the fire. Two common dangers during this stage are first – the existence of non-flaming combustibles, which can potentially start a new fire if not fully extinguished. Second, there is the danger of a backdraft when oxygen is reintroduced to a volatile, confined space.

A

Decay

18
Q

. – When the growth stage has reached its max and all combustible materials have been ignited, a fire is considered fully developed. This is the hottest phase of a fire and the most dangerous for anybody trapped within.

A

Fully Developed

19
Q

The growth stage is where the structures fire load and oxygen are used as fuel for the fire. There are numerous factors affecting the growth stage including where the fire started, what combustibles are near it, ceiling height and the potential for “thermal layering”. It is during this shortest of the 4 stages when a deadly “flashover” can occur; potentially trapping, injuring or killing firefighters.

A

Growth

20
Q

release vapor from the fuel and cause ignition

A

heat

21
Q

sufficient exothermic reaction energy to produce ignition

A

chemical chain reaction

22
Q

any substance that can undergo combustion

A

fuel

23
Q

sustain combustion

A

oxygen

24
Q

earthquake, volcanic eruption and etc

A

Fire triggered by natural hazards

25
Q

irresponsible handling of fire and negligence

A

Fire due to mismanagement

26
Q

faulty electrical, connections and etc.

A

Fire triggered by human-made conditions

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