Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GU2 - Urology > Phys DIE > Flashcards

Phys DIE Flashcards

1
Q

Pts with what disease are more likely to have UTIs?

A

DM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Questions to ask about medical history

A
  • UTI
  • renal dz
  • congenital GU problems
  • stones
  • new onset of or change in sexual partner
  • recent cath or GU procedure
  • dialysis
  • DM
  • immunocompromised
  • infertility
  • STDs
  • circumcised or uncircumcised
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fam hx

A
  • UTIs/surgeries
  • kidney stones
  • renal cell carcinoma (runs in families)
  • PKD
  • prostate ca
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

social Hx

A
  • SMOKING
  • hygiene
  • toilet habits
  • adult diapers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sexual hx

A
  • risky behavior
  • orientation, MSM, instrumentation
  • symptomatic sexual partner?
  • substance abuse - increases risk behavior
  • sexual dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PE - inspection

A
  • facial edema
  • flank scars
  • masses on flank/kidney area
  • masses/distention of bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Proper kidney palpation technique

A
  • both hands
  • similar to spleen exam
  • can’t palpate a normal kidney
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do you palpate the kidneys for tenderness?

A

CVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how to palpate bladder

A
  • suprapubic area

- tenderness, mass, distention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does it mean if the pt has an urge to void with gentle pressure of midline suprapubic mass?

A

distended bladder most likely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Four parts of male genitalia exam

A
  1. penis
  2. scrotum and contents
  3. prostate gland
  4. Hernia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 parts of penis exam

A
  • prepuce (foreskin)
  • glands/meatus
  • shaft
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4 parts of scrotum/contents exam

A
  • testicle
  • epididymis
  • spermatic cord
  • special test: transilluminate scrotal mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What position should the patient be in for the male genitalia exam?

A

standing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

phimosis vs. paraphimosis

A

phimosis - difficulty retracting foreskin

paraphimosis - inability to replace prepuce once retracted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to tell candida/yeast from smegma?

A

candida/yeast stuck to skin, smegma moves freely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examination of glans penis

A
  • lesions
  • erythema
  • swelling
  • adhesions
  • vesicles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

balanitis

A
  • inflammation of glans penis

- more common in uncircumcised men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

examination of urethral meatus

A
  • note location
  • discharge
  • express discharge if needed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hypospadias

A

urethral meatus is ventral surface of glans, shaft, or perineal area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

examination of shaft

A
  • lesions or deformities
  • palpate for irregularities, lesions
  • note tenderness or increased warmth
22
Q

dorsal vs. ventral

A
  • remember anatomical position is erect penis
  • dorsal is the “top”
  • ventral is the “bottom”
23
Q

what part of scrotum/testis most often involved in swelling

A

tunica vaginalis

24
Q

examination of scrotum

A
  • hold penis to one side
  • scrotum should be wrinkled
  • Note: scars, edema, sebaceous cysts, lesions, swelling, erythema
25
Q

What asymmetry is normal/abnormal with scrotum/testes

A
  • normal to hang asymmetric (left usually longer)

- size should not be drastically asymmetric

26
Q

Examination of scrotal contents

- technique

A
  • use both hands, one to support, one to palpate
  • are both testes present?
  • if absent, palpate inguinal canal and perineum for undescended
27
Q

three things to feel for during scrotal inspection

A
  1. testicle
  2. epididymis
  3. spermatic cord
28
Q

Examination fo testicle

A
  • should move freely
  • body is oblong
  • smooth, rubbery, firm
  • note nodules, masses, pain, tenderness, warmth, swelling
29
Q

Scrotal mass transillumination

A
  • dim the lights
  • cool light source
  • place light on posterior scrotum
  • if light does not pass through = solid
  • if light does pass through = fluid filled
30
Q

Epididymal cyst

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • fluid filled sac, serous fluid, benign
  • no pain
  • yes transilluminate
  • separate from testes
  • behind testis
31
Q

Spermatocele

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • cystic swelling in epididymis, milky fluid
  • no pain
  • yes transilluminate
  • separate from testes
  • behind testis
32
Q

Hydrocele

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • serous fluid in tunica vaginalis
  • no pain
  • yes transilluminate
  • surrounding testes
  • in front of testis
33
Q

Epididymitis

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • infection of epididymis
  • yes pain
  • no transilluminate
  • separate from testes
  • UTI, fever, catheter, STD
34
Q

Varicocele

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • dilated veins in pampiniform plexus
  • +/- pain
  • no transilluminate
  • separate from testes
  • empties with pt supine, L>R
35
Q

Hematocele

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • blood in tunica vaginalis
  • +/- pain
  • no transilluminate (fluid is opaque)
  • surrounding testes
  • Hx of trauma
36
Q

Testicular cancer

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • testis is harder than normal
  • no pain
  • no transilluminate
  • is the testes
  • PE might be normal, young males common
37
Q

Testicular torsion

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • testicle twisted on spermatic cord, ischemia
  • YES!! pain
  • no transilluminate
  • n/a
  • ipsilateral leg often held in flexion, affected testis is higher
    • surgical emergency
38
Q

Orchitis

  • describe
  • pain?
  • transilluminate?
  • testis or separate?
  • other
A
  • acute inflammation, often epididymis also
  • YES!! pain
  • no transilluminate
  • testis itself
  • mumps or other infection
39
Q

Torsion

  • cause
  • age
  • onset
  • vomiting?
  • fever
  • dysuria
  • associated sx
A
  • cause: twisting of testis on cord
  • age: newborn to adolescent
  • onset: acute
  • vomiting: common
  • fever: uncommon
  • dysuria: uncommon
  • associated sx: scrotal discoloration
40
Q

Epididymitis

  • cause
  • age
  • onset
  • vomiting?
  • fever
  • dysuria
  • associated sx
A
  • cause: infection (UTI/STD)
  • age: adolescent to adulthood
  • onset: gradual
  • vomiting: uncommon
  • fever: possible
  • dysuria: possible
  • associated sx: pyuria, nodular epididymis
41
Q

Hernia exam technique

A
  • insert examining finger into lower part of scrotum and push it into inguinal canal
  • feel for oval external ring
  • lrg hernia may feel like a mass
  • ask pt to bear down to feel indirect hernia
42
Q

Indirect hernia

A
  • within the scrotum (usually)
  • younger pts
  • congenital
  • through teh inguinal canal
43
Q

Direct hernia

A
  • Felt medial to examining finer
  • Comes directly through abdominal wall
  • Older pts
  • Acquired
44
Q

Three things to look for on perirectal skin

A
  • candidiasis
  • condyloma (genital warts)
  • skin tag
45
Q

Prostate exam technique

A
  • insert finger to distal phalanx to allow sphincter to relax
  • assess sphincter tone
  • WINK
  • sweep finger to left and right to cover rectal vault
46
Q

How should the prostate feel?

A
  • firm, smooth (pencil eraser)
  • note masses, nodules, tenderness
  • assess size and texture
47
Q

Prostate grading (enlargement)

A

I: 1-2 cm
II: 2-3 cm
III: 3-4 cm
IV: >4 cm

enlargement is considered >1 cm

48
Q

BPH

  • describe
  • sx
A
  • benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • smooth, rubbery, symmetric but enlarged
  • sx: obstructive, nocturia
49
Q

Prostate Cancer

  • describe
  • sx
A
  • feels like gravel or rock
  • hard, irregular, nodular
  • sx are obstructive, low back pain if bone mets
50
Q

Prostatitis

- describe

A
  • acutely tender
  • enlarged and boggy
  • can be infectious
  • don’t milk or massage
  • sx: fever, discharge, irritative voiding, suprapubic or perineal pain
51
Q

Rectum exam during prostate exam

A
  • as remove finger palpate rectal walls for masses, nodules, tenderness
  • stool specimen for hem occult test
  • opportunistic exam :)

GU2 - Urology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions