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phys ct Flashcards

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1
Q

systematic vs random errors

A

systematic: all readings being above or below the true readings by a fixed amount
random: readings being scattered about a mean value

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2
Q

accuracy vs precision

A

accuracy: degree of closeness of mean value of measurements to true value
precision: degree of agreement between repeated measurements of the same quantity

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3
Q

4 kinematics equations

A

v = u + at
s = 1/2 (u+v)t
s = ut + 1/2at^2
v^2 = u^2 + 2as

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4
Q

newtons 1st law of motion

A

a body a rest will remain at rest or in uniform motion continues in its state in a straight line unless a resultant external force acts on it (inertia)

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5
Q

newtons 2nd law of motion

A

the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on it and occurs in the direction of the force

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6
Q

newtons 3rd law of motion

A

if body a exerts a force on body b, body b exerts an equal and opposite force on body a

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7
Q

mass vs weight

A

mass: property which results in a change in motion
weight: force experienced by a mass in a gravitational field

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8
Q

action reaction

A

forces equal in magnitude opposite in direction, same type of forces on 2 diff bodies acting at the same time

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9
Q

impulse

A

product of force acting on object and time (delta T) for which force acts

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10
Q

principle of conservation of momentum

A

when bodies in a system interact, total momentum of the system remains constant

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11
Q

impulse formula

A

delta p = f delta t

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12
Q

elastic collision ke conserved formula

A

u1-u2 = v2-v1

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13
Q

momentum conserved formula

A

m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2

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14
Q

force parallel to slope equation

A

mg sin theta/mg cos theta

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15
Q

Hooke’s law

A

extension of body directly proportional to the applied load if limit of proportionality is not exceeded

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16
Q

archimedes principle

A

upthrust on body in fluid equal to weight of fluid displaced by body

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17
Q

principle of flotation

A

for object floating in equilibrium, upthrust equal in magnitude and opposite in direction of weight of object

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18
Q

center of gravity

A

point at where weight of object appears to act

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19
Q

conditions for equilibrium

A

no net force zero moments

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20
Q

epe formula

A

1/2kx^2
1/2 fx

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21
Q

pressure in fluid formula

A

hp(density)g

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22
Q

upthrust formula

A

weight of fluid displaced = p(density)gv

23
Q

power formula

A

force x velocity
energy / time

24
Q

work done formula

A

f costheta x s

25
Q

work done by gas formula

A

p change in volume

26
Q

angular velocity

A

rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time

27
Q

period formula

A

time taken to make 1 complete revolution

28
Q

angular velocity formula

A

w=v/r
w=2pi/T
w=2pif

29
Q

centripetal acceleration formula

A

a=vw
a=rw^2
a=v^2/r

30
Q

centripetal force formula

A

f=mvw
f=mrw^2
f=mv^2/r

31
Q

tension (in circle) formula

A

t=mv^2/r

32
Q

formula:
tension cos theta
tension sin theta
tan theta

A

tcostheta = mg
tsintheta = mv^2/r
tan theta = v^2/rg

33
Q

centripetal acceleration

A

acceleration towards center of circular motion

34
Q

velocity at top of circle formula

A

N + W = F
N + mg = mv^2/r
when N = 0,
vmin=rootgr

35
Q

velocity at bottom of circle formula

A

1/2mvbot^2 = 1/2mvtop^2 + mg(2r)
1/2mvbot^2 = 1/2mgr+mg(2r)
vbot=root5gr

36
Q

tension/normal force formula
at top and at bottom

A

ttop/ntop + mg = mv^2/r
stop/ntop = mv^2/r - mg

tbot/nbot - mg = mv^2/r
tbot/nbot = mv^2/r + mg

37
Q

tension of rod chasing formula

A

t+mgcos theta = mv^2/r
t = mv^2/r -mg cos theta

38
Q

gravitational force formula

A

F = GMm/r^2

39
Q

newtons law of gravitation

A

2 point masses attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportionate to the square of distance between them

40
Q

gravitational field

A

region in which mass placed in that region experiences a gravitational force

41
Q

gravitational field strength

A

gravitational force experienced per unit mass at that point

42
Q

gravitational potential energy

A

mass at a point in gravitational field, WD by external force in bringing mass from infinity to that point

43
Q

gravitational field formula

A

g=F/m
g=GM/r^2

44
Q

gravitational potential energy formula

A

U=-GMm/r
-ve !!

45
Q

gravitational potential

A

WD per unit mass by external force in bringing small mass from infinity to the point

46
Q

gravitational potential formula

A

theta w line = -GM/r = U/m
-ve as Gf is attractive in nature, bring mass from infinity to a point on field, force opposite in direction of displacement

47
Q

escape velocity

A

minimum speed to escape from gravitational influence

48
Q

escape velocity formula

A

GMm/Rearth + 1/2 mv^2 >/= o
v = root (2GM/Rearth)
v = root (2 g rearth)

49
Q

kinetic energy (gravitational field)

A

1/2 GMm/r

50
Q

potential energy (gravitational field)

A

-GMm/r

51
Q

total energy (gravitational field)

A

-1/2 GMm/r

52
Q

for body to orbit around earth formula

A

GMm/r^2 = mv^2/r
v orbital = root GM/r
GMm/r^2 = mrw^2 = mr(2pi/T)^2
T^2 = 4pi^2/GM r^3

53
Q

force at equator and polar region

A

equator: mg = mg-ma
g=g-a (a-centripetal acceleration)
polar region: mg=mg
g=g

54
Q

Kepler’s third law

A

gf provides centripetal force necessary for circular motion of plant around sun
square of period of revolution of planets directly proportional to cubes of mean distances from the sun

chem (6 decks)

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