Phylums Flashcards
Animal Kingdom
Is composed of multicellular heterotrophic organisms that typically motile. They use sexual (sperm and ova) reproduction.
Phylum Porifera
Sponges
They are pore-bearing filter feeders; asymmetrical
Do not have true tissue; cell aggregates
Reproduce Asexually (budding and fragmentation)
Sexual reproduction also occurs
Live in aquatic environments; adult stage is sessile
Phylum Cnidaria
Cnidoblasts with nematocysts
Motile in Medusa stage and Sessile in Polyp stage
Composed of Tissue layers around a central
axis; radial symmetry
Acoelomate (no coelom)
Incomplete Gut
Sexual reproduction (gametes)
Asexual reproduction (budding)Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flat worms (free living and parasitic)
True tissues and organs
Bilateral symmetry with cephalization
Acoelomate
Incomplete forked gut or no gut
Reproduction occurs through gametes (monoecious
and dioecious)Phylum Nematoda
Unsegmented round worms (free living and parasitic)
Complete gut
Pseudocoelom
Waterproofing cuticle
Sexual reproduction via gametes (dioecious)
Phylum Annelida
Segmented Worms-Earthworm, Bristle worms, Leeches
Complete Gut
Coelom (true body cavity)
Phylum Arthropoda
Segmented Insects -Horseshoe crab, and spiders Jointed limbs Chitinous exoskeleton. Bilateral symmetry with cephalization (head) Cuticle to prevent water loss Highly modified mouth and antennae parts Complete Gut Open Circulatory System
Phylum Mollusca
Squid and hard shell clams, welks, and squid
Soft visceral body mass
Mantle that often secretes a calciferous shell
Most have open circulatory systems
Complete Gut
Phylum Echinodermata
Star fish, sea urchins, and sand dollars Radial symmetry No brain or cephalization (head) Complete Gut Open circulatory system Water visceral system for movement
Phylum Chordata
Most advanced animal phylum
3 common features:
1. All have notochord- flexible support rod that
runs length of body
2. Hollow nerve tube- dorsal to notochord
3. Pharyngeal gill slits/pouches- respiratory function
in lower chordates; only in developing embryos
of higher chordates.
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata
Invertebrates
Tunicates
Free-swimming larvae have chordate feature in tail
Sessile adults have gelatinous cellulose tunic
Marine filter feeders (gills for feeding and gas exchange)
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Invertebrates
Cilia and mucus trap food particles
Gas exchange occurs across the skin
Male and Female release gametes into water;
larvae look like tiny adults
Nervous System- swelling of nerve-cord,
sensory receptors throughout the body
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Vertebrates
Notochord replaced by vertebral column for support
Endoskeleton for support
Brain enclosed in a bony cranium
Sensory organs concentrated in cephalic region
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Vertebrates
Class Agnatha
Jawless Fish- Hagfishes and lampreys
Most primitive vertebrates
Jawless- no limbs
Ectothermic
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Vertebrates
Class Chondrichthyes
Cartilaginous Fish- Sharks, Sting Rays, and Skates
Skeleton composed of cartilage (except skull)
Paired appendages
Skin covered with placoid scales (precursors to
teeth, hair, feathers, and scales that evolved in
other classes)
Ectothermic
