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Bio 181 > Phylums > Flashcards

Phylums Flashcards

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1
Q

How many germ layers do Porifera have?

A

None

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2
Q

What is the symmetry of porifera?

A

Asymmetry (No cephalization)

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3
Q

What is the key characteristic of Porifera?

A

Pores

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4
Q

What are choanocytes?

A

The inner cells of sponges, they are used in feeding

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5
Q

What are spicules used for in sponges?

A

Internal structural support and defense (spicules + chemicals)

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6
Q

How many germ layers do Cnidaria have?

A

2 germ layers

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7
Q

What are the 2 body forms of Cnidaria?

A

Polyp (stationary), and Medusa (Jellyfish)

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8
Q

Do Cnidaria have a complete digestive system?

A

No, its incomplete

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9
Q

Do Cnidaria have respiratory or circulatory systems?

A

No, they used their gastrovascular cavity

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10
Q

What are Cnidarias symmetry?

A

Radial

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11
Q

What is the key trait of cnidaria?

A

Cnidocytes (feeding + defense)

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12
Q

What skeleton (s) do Cnidarias have?

A

Hydro skeleton, Exoskeleton (coral)

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13
Q

What are zooxanthellae?

A

Symbiotic algae that help coral

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14
Q

What are three threats to coral reefs?

A
  1. Coral bleaching (Warming Oceans)
  2. Ocean acidification (CO2)
  3. Sea level rise (less light)
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15
Q

How many germ layers do Platyhelminthes have?

A

3 germ layers

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16
Q

What kind of symmetry do Platyhelminthes have?

A

Bilateral + Cephalization

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17
Q

What kind of digestion do platyhelminths have?

A

Various

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18
Q

Do platyhelminths have a transport system?

A

No

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19
Q

What kind of skeleton do platyhelminths have?

A

Hydro skeleton

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20
Q

Are platyhelminthes found in poor or nice environments?

A

Poor

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21
Q

What kind of digestion do Rotiferas have?

A

Complete

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22
Q

What kind of symmetry do Rotifera have?

A

Bilateral + Cephalization

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23
Q

Do rotifera have a respiratory or transport system?

A

No

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24
Q

What kind of skeleton do Rotifera have?

A

Hydro

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25
Q

Rotifera are ____?

1) Bioindicators
2) Sexy
3) Large

A

1) Bioindicators

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26
Q

Are mollusca the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd largest phylum?

A

3rd

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27
Q

What are the main classes are Mollusca?

A
  1. Snails/slugs (gastropods)
  2. Bivalves
  3. Octopus/quid (cephalopods)
28
Q

What kind of circ system do Mollusca have?

A

Open and close

29
Q

What kind of skeleton (s) do mollusca have?

A

All

30
Q

What is the key trait of mollusca?

A

Mantle (=dorsal skin that secretes shell)

31
Q

If Mollusca have a shell what is under it?

A

Foot + viscera

32
Q

What is radula?

A

Tongue teeth

32
Q

Do annelids have a circ. system?

A

Yes, it is closed

33
Q

What kind of skeleton do Annelids have?

A

Hydroskeleton

34
Q

What are the key traits of Annelids?

A

Segments with parapodia (mvmt./respir.)

35
Q

What are the 2 groups of Annelids?

A
  1. Polychaetas (many bristles) (marine)
  2. Oligochaetes (few bristles) (land)
36
Q

How are earthworms related to carbon and nitrogen?

A

They release C and N into the atmosphere faster

37
Q

What kind of transport system do Nematoda have?

A

None

38
Q

What kind of skeleton do Nematoda have?

A

Hydro

39
Q

What is the key trait of Nematoda?

A

Extremely weird

40
Q

Are nematodes the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd largest phylum?

A

2nd

41
Q

What kind of transport systems do Arthropods have?

A

They have open circulatory system, and various respiratory.

42
Q

What kind of skeleton do arthropods have?

A

Exoskeleton

43
Q

What is the key trait of Arthropods?

A

Extreme segmentation (=extreme speciation)

44
Q

Does insect metamorphosis increase or decrease competition?

A

Decreases it, diff. life stages eat diff. things

45
Q

What are the four classes of arthropods?

A
  1. Insects
  2. Spiders
  3. Milli/centipedes
  4. Crustaceans
46
Q

What are the 5 insect orders?

A
  1. Beetles (w/elytra)
  2. Ants/bees (waist)
  3. Butterfly’s/moths (scaled)
  4. Flies (w/halteres)
  5. True bugs (x)
47
Q

Who is the closest relative to Chordates?

A

Echinodermata

48
Q

What kind of symmetry do Echinodermata have?

A

Radial in adults, bilat in larva

49
Q

What kind of skeleton do Echinodermata have?

A

Endoskeleton

50
Q

What is a key trait of Echinodermata?

A

Water vascular system

51
Q

What is the water vascular system?

A

System of hydraulic vessels for moving nutrients + waste (transport) and for locomotion

52
Q

What is a key trait of Chordata?

A

Notochord

53
Q

Inside phylum Chordata -
What are the classes of fish?

A
  1. Jawless fish (wormlike)
  2. Cartilaginous fish
  3. Ray finned (common)
  4. Lobe-finned/lungfish (amphibious)
54
Q

How long ago did amphibia emerge?

A

400 MYA

55
Q

How long ago did Sauropsida emerge?

A

300 MYA

56
Q

What was so unique about sauropsida?

A

They have aminotic eggs which allowed them to not need water for reproduction

57
Q

When did Mammalia emerge?

A

200 MYA

58
Q

What is a monotremes?

A

Egg-laying mammal

59
Q

What is a marsupial?

A

Short internal development of young, born immature

60
Q

What is a placentals?

A

Long internal development of young

61
Q

What are fungi Hyphae?

A

Long filaments, strands of cells

62
Q

What are mycelium?

A

Bunches of hyphae

63
Q

What are the 5 fungal phyla?

A
  1. Chytridiomycota
  2. Glomeromycota
  3. Zygomycota
  4. Basidiomycota
  5. Ascomycota
64
Q

How do amoebas move?

A

Pseudopods

65
Q
A

Bio 181 (2 decks)

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