Phylum Platyhelminthes Flashcards
What are the three major plains of symmetry
•transverse
•Sagittal
•frontal
What is transverse
Anterior
Posterior
What is sagittal plain
Left
Right
What is frontal plain
Dorsal
Ventral
What is capitalization
Development of head region
Constant orientation to environment
What is the acoelomate body plan for platyhelminthes?
Lack coelom/fluid-filled cavity
Contains muscles
What is parenchyma of the acoelmate body plan of platyhemlminthes?
Body cavity filled with mesodermal cells
What are the muscles of the acoelomate body plan of platygelminthes?
Longitudinal
Circular
Dorsoventral
List the general characteristics of platyhelminthes
1.) acoelomate body plan
2.) Doris-ventrally flattened
3.) protonephridia
4.) ciliated epidermis/ syncytial tegument
5.) mostly simultaneous hermaphrodites
What does the Doris-ventrally flattened characteristic do for platyhelminthes?
Increase surface area
Increase gas exchange
No respiratory/circulatory structure
What is the protinephridia characteristic of Platyhelminthes ?
Primitive excretory system
Controls waist
Controls salt & water balance
Controls internal environment
What is the ciliated epidermis characteristic of Platyhelminthes
free-living
aids in movement
What is the syncytail tegument of Platyhelminthes?
•Parasitic
•Non-ciliated
•Cell nuclei lack membrane
•Material to better pass between host & parasite
What is simultaneous hermaphrodiates?
Female & male at same time
Rarely self-fertilize
Reproduce asexually
What are the four classes of Platyhelminthes?
Turbellaria
Cestoda
Monogenea
Trematoda
Characteristics of class turnellaria
Free-living
Terrestrial
Freshwater & marine
Primarily benthic
Interstitial-between sand grains
Some parasitic
Explain the two way digestive system of class turblaria
Protrusible pharynx -in and out
Blind end gut
What are different forms of blind end guts
No guy-nutritive cells
3-lobed gut
Simple gut
Many-loved gut
What are the steps of regeneration for class turbellaria
1.) epidermis spreads to seal wound
2.) mass of unspecialized cells form under epidermis (blastema)
3.) blastema regenerates lost parts
What is the locomotion of class turbellaria
Cilia
Looping &duo-glands
Pedal waves
What are some characteristics of class monogenea?
Monogenetic flukes
Ectoparasites ( mostly fish)
Problematic in aquaculture
What is the morphology of class monogenea
Attachment by haptors
• contains hooks & suckers
• allow hanging & feeding
• prohaptor-anterior
•opistgaptor-posterior
- mouth & gut
What is the attachment Prohaptor
Anterior
What is the attachment opisthaptor?
Posterior
