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Invertebrate Zoology > Phylum Platyhelminthes > Flashcards

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three major plains of symmetry

A

•transverse
•Sagittal
•frontal

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2
Q

What is transverse

A

Anterior
Posterior

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3
Q

What is sagittal plain

A

Left
Right

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4
Q

What is frontal plain

A

Dorsal
Ventral

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5
Q

What is capitalization

A

Development of head region
Constant orientation to environment

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6
Q

What is the acoelomate body plan for platyhelminthes?

A

Lack coelom/fluid-filled cavity
Contains muscles

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7
Q

What is parenchyma of the acoelmate body plan of platyhemlminthes?

A

Body cavity filled with mesodermal cells

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8
Q

What are the muscles of the acoelomate body plan of platygelminthes?

A

Longitudinal
Circular
Dorsoventral

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9
Q

List the general characteristics of platyhelminthes

A

1.) acoelomate body plan
2.) Doris-ventrally flattened
3.) protonephridia
4.) ciliated epidermis/ syncytial tegument
5.) mostly simultaneous hermaphrodites

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10
Q

What does the Doris-ventrally flattened characteristic do for platyhelminthes?

A

Increase surface area
Increase gas exchange
No respiratory/circulatory structure

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11
Q

What is the protinephridia characteristic of Platyhelminthes ?

A

Primitive excretory system
Controls waist
Controls salt & water balance
Controls internal environment

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12
Q

What is the ciliated epidermis characteristic of Platyhelminthes

A

free-living
aids in movement

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13
Q

What is the syncytail tegument of Platyhelminthes?

A

•Parasitic
•Non-ciliated
•Cell nuclei lack membrane
•Material to better pass between host & parasite

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14
Q

What is simultaneous hermaphrodiates?

A

Female & male at same time
Rarely self-fertilize
Reproduce asexually

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15
Q

What are the four classes of Platyhelminthes?

A

Turbellaria
Cestoda
Monogenea
Trematoda

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16
Q

Characteristics of class turnellaria

A

Free-living
Terrestrial
Freshwater & marine
Primarily benthic
Interstitial-between sand grains
Some parasitic

17
Q

Explain the two way digestive system of class turblaria

A

Protrusible pharynx -in and out
Blind end gut

18
Q

What are different forms of blind end guts

A

No guy-nutritive cells
3-lobed gut
Simple gut
Many-loved gut

19
Q

What are the steps of regeneration for class turbellaria

A

1.) epidermis spreads to seal wound
2.) mass of unspecialized cells form under epidermis (blastema)
3.) blastema regenerates lost parts

20
Q

What is the locomotion of class turbellaria

A

Cilia
Looping &duo-glands
Pedal waves

21
Q

What are some characteristics of class monogenea?

A

Monogenetic flukes
Ectoparasites ( mostly fish)
Problematic in aquaculture

22
Q

What is the morphology of class monogenea

A

Attachment by haptors
• contains hooks & suckers
• allow hanging & feeding
• prohaptor-anterior
•opistgaptor-posterior
- mouth & gut

23
Q

What is the attachment Prohaptor

A

Anterior

24
Q

What is the attachment opisthaptor?

A

Posterior

25
Q

What is the life cycle of class monogenea

A

Single host specificity
Single location on host
Individuals are hermaphroditic

26
Q

What are the stages of the life cycle for class monogenea

A

1.) fertilized egg
2.) ciliated oncomiracidium
3.) adult attaches to fish

27
Q

What are some characteristics of the class trematoda?

A

Digenetic flukes
Endoparasites
Dorso-ventrally flat
Ventral & oral suckers

28
Q

What are the larval stages of class trematoda

A

Miracudium
Sporocyst
Redia
Cercariae

29
Q

What is the miracidium larval stage

A

Free-living
Ciliated

30
Q

What is the sporocyst larval stage

A

Lives in circulatory system
Feature- less , no mouth

31
Q

What is the redia larval stage

A

Migrate to digestive gland or gonads
Possess mouth & gut

32
Q

What is the cercariae larval stage

A

Free-living
Muscular tail for swimming

33
Q

What is the life cycle of class trematoda

A

1.) Egg in water

2.) Develop into Miracidium
-bores into 1st intermediate host (typically snail), hijack reproduction organs

3.) develop into cercariae
-bore out of snail, infect 2nd intermediate host (fish/crustacean)

4.) develop into metacercaria
-encrusted in 2nd intermediate host, vertebrate eats host

5.) mature into adult vertebrates final host

Invertebrate Zoology (7 decks)

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