Phylum Platyhelminthes Flashcards

1
Q

Commonly called _

A

flatworms

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2
Q

Platyhelminthes germ layer

A

Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

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3
Q

Bilateral symmetry first appears in _

A

Platyhelmithes

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4
Q

What is cephalization?

A

Possessing a head where central nervous system (cerebral ganglion) and sensory organs are located

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5
Q

Can a planaria continuously eat? Why or why not?

A

Cannot due to the fact that pharynx acts as both throat and anus

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6
Q

what feature is missing in flatworms?

A

anus

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7
Q

what organism is intermediate host for Trematoda repro?

A

snail

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8
Q

what feature is critical to tapeworm repro?

A

proglottid

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9
Q

what is one common way humans contract tapeworms

A

eating uncooked meat

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10
Q

anterior

A

mouth

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11
Q

posterior

A

booty

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12
Q

dorsal

A

back

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13
Q

ventral

A

front

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14
Q

In flatworms what is evolutionarily significance

A

flattened dorsoventrally

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15
Q

How are nerve cords found in this phylum

A

in pairs

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16
Q

in freshwater flatworms how many lateral nerve cords are there connected to cerebral ganglia

A

one

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17
Q

How does osmoregulation occur in this phylum? (what type of cells are lined with _)

A

flame cells lined with cilia drive fluids through a series of tubules which open to outside through a series of pores

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18
Q

How does excretion and respiration happen in this phylum?

A

simple diffusion
flattened body aids in process which is easier for diffusion

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19
Q

what in Class turbellaria

A

free living flatworms

20
Q

whats in class monogenea

A

small ectoparasites on fish

21
Q

what is in class Trematoda and what kind of parasitism

A

flukes, endoparasites

22
Q

class cestoda

A

tapeworms

23
Q

example organism for class turbellaria

A

Planaria (genus Dugesia)

24
Q

digestive system of turbellaria

A

y shaped with eversible pharynx for feeding (mouth but no anus)

25
Q

turbellaria reproduction

A

asexual by fission
sexual via syngamy

26
Q

are animals of this phylum virtually all monoecious or diecious?

A

monoecious

27
Q

What class includes ectoparasited

A

monogenea

28
Q

Monogenea can be found where on host?

A

found on external surface of fish, amphibians, and reptiles

29
Q

how do monogenea attach to host?

A

via a haptor

30
Q

monogenean repro

A

sexual only
1 offspring/egg

31
Q

class Trematoda how many hosts in life cycle?

A

2 or 3

32
Q

For trematoda the definitive host is almost always a

A

vertebrate

33
Q

What is the intermediate host for trematoda

A

snail

34
Q

Adult human liver fluke

A

clonorchis sinesis

35
Q

Explain life cycle of clonorchis

A

human poops out egg contining miracidium larvae>miracidium hatch after being eaten by snail>goes through sporocyst (shizogony stage)>then feeding stage(redia)> then turns into cercaria> which then goes into cyst in fish muscle

36
Q

what is human liver fluke?

A

caused by clonorchis (sinensis) and often called clonorchiasis

37
Q

how many people worldwide are infected with schistosomiasis

A

250 mil

38
Q

what is schistosomiasis caused by

A

human blood fluke (scistosoma sp)

39
Q

What is special about schistosomiasis reproduction?

A

adults are dioecious and the female lives in an external canal of male
And eggs pass from circulatory system and go out through poop or pee, infected via contaminated water

40
Q

what is swimmers itch caused by

A

caused by avian schistosoma

41
Q

what class includes tapeworms

A

cestoda

42
Q

tapeworms are which kind of parasite?

A

endoparasite

43
Q

what does tapeworm consist of (head and body name)

A

head-scolex
body-proglottids

44
Q

Proglottid anatomy whats inside

A

repro organs, both male and female

45
Q

Life cycle of beef tapeworm

A

human eats beef> poops out shelled larva>grass contaminated with eggs ingested by cow> cysts in muscle (measly beef)

46
Q

What other animals can have tapeworms

A

dogs cats humans
any kind of meat fish poultry

47
Q

What animal does this cross section belong to

A

Common freshwater Turbellarian - Dugesia