Phylum Echinodermata

Question 1

Phylum Echinodermata

What does “Echino-“ mean?

Answer 1

Rough

Question 2

Phylum Echinodermata

What does “-derm-“ mean?

Answer 2

Skin

Question 3

Phylum Echinodermata

What does “-ata” mean?

Answer 3

-ed

Question 4

Phylum Echinodermata

Blastopore becomes the anus

Answer 4

Deuterostomes

Question 5

Phylum Echinodermata

Germ layers

Answer 5

Triploblastic : Coelomate

Question 6

Phylum Echinodermata

Digestive tract type?

Answer 6

Complete

Question 7

Phylum Echinodermata

Feeding behaviors?

Answer 7

Filter feeders
Suspension feeders
Predators
Herbivores

Question 8

Phylum Echinodermata

Structure for gas exchange?

Answer 8

Dermal branchiae

Question 9

Phylum Echinodermata

How do dermal branchiae allow for gas exchange?

Answer 9

Extensions of the coelom that stick out into the water

Question 10

Phylum Echinodermata

Structure for excretion?

Answer 10

Dermal branchiae

Question 11

Phylum Echinodermata

Type of skeleton?

Answer 11

Endoskeleton

Question 12

Phylum Echinodermata

Endoskeleton is covered in ___ ___.

Answer 12

Living cells

Question 13

Phylum Echinodermata

Endoskeleton is made up of ___.

Answer 13

Ossicles

Question 14

Phylum Echinodermata

Ossicles (bone-like structures) are composed of ___.

Answer 14

Calcium Carbonate

Question 15

Phylum Echinodermata

Larvae symmetry?

Answer 15

Bilateral symmetry

Question 16

Phylum Echinodermata

Adult symmetry?

Answer 16

Radial symmetry

Question 17

Phylum Echinodermata

“Secondarily-derived traits”

Answer 17

Group had the trait, lost it, then got it back.

Question 18

Phylum Echinodermata

Nervous system?

Answer 18

Nerve ring + radial nerves

Question 19

Phylum Echinodermata

Circulatory system?

Answer 19

Hemal system- Circular muscles move coelomic fluids

Question 20

Phylum Echinodermata

Synapomorphy?

Answer 20

Water vascular system

Question 21

Phylum Echinodermata

Water vascular system function?

Answer 21

Locomotion

Feeding

Question 22

Phylum Echinodermata

Water vascular system path?

Answer 22

Madreporite plate -> stone canal -> ring canal -> radial canal -> lateral canal -> ampulla / tube foot

Question 23

Phylum Echinodermata

Tube foot suction strength?

Answer 23

Very strong

Question 24

Phylum Echinodermata

What environment do they live in?

Answer 24

Marine

Question 25

Phylum Echinodermata | What supergroup do they belong to?

Answer 25

Deuterostomia

Question 26

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Common name?

Answer 26

Sea Stars

Question 27

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Endoskeleton features (grooming and tube foot protection)

Answer 27

Pedicellariae | Ambulacral groove

Question 28

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Pedicellariae function?

Answer 28

Grooming and remove parasites

Question 29

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Ambulacral groove function?

Answer 29

Protect tube feet

Question 30

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Digestive tract path?

Answer 30

mouth -> esophagus -> cardiac stomach -> pyloric stomach / pyloric cecae -> intestine -> rectum/rectal cecae -> anus

Question 31

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea What can the stomach do?

Answer 31

Evertable | Turn inside-out

Question 32

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Pyloric cecae function?

Answer 32

increase surface area for absorption and secretion

Question 33

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Senses

Answer 33

Eye-spots Generalized chemoreception Generalized mechanoreception

Question 34

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Reproduction

Answer 34

Sexual | Asexual: Fragmentation; regeneration from central disk

Question 35

Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea Common name?

Answer 35

Brittle stars, serpent stars, basket stars

Question 36

Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea What do they lack?

Answer 36

Pyloric cecae (in the arms) Ambulacral groove (in the arms) Water vascular system for locomotion (in the arms) Anus

Question 37

Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea Benefits from losing Pyloric cecae, Ambulacral groove, Water vascular system structures?

Answer 37

Flexibility and speed

Question 38

Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea Autotomy?

Answer 38

Self-amputation to get away from predators

Question 39

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Common name?

Answer 39

Sea urchins | Sand Dollars

Question 40

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Do they have arms?

Answer 40

No

Question 41

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Ossicle type?

Answer 41

Fused ossicles, not moveable

Question 42

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Locomotion?

Answer 42

All spines are moveable

Question 43

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Sand dollar feeding mechanism?

Answer 43

Suspension feeding

Question 44

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Sea urchin feeding mechanism?

Answer 44

Herbivores

Question 45

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Sea urchin chewing mechanism?

Answer 45

Aristotle's lantern

Question 46

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Common name?

Answer 46

Sea cucumbers

Question 47

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Lack what feature?

Answer 47

Arms

Question 48

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Axis?

Answer 48

Elongated | Longer than wide

Question 49

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Ossicles?

Answer 49

Greatly reduced | Serve as muscle attachment

Question 50

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Well developed systems?

Answer 50

Hemal system | Respiratory tree

Question 51

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Where does the respiratory tree branch from?

Answer 51

Rectum

Question 52

Phylum Echinodermata Class Crinoidea Common name?

Answer 52

Sea lilies and feather stars

Question 53

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Original use of tube feet?

Answer 53

Suspension feeding