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11SCI > PHY > Flashcards

PHY Flashcards

1
Q

Displacement

A

the change in position of an object

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2
Q

Acceleration

A

the rate of change of speed

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3
Q

Speed

A

A rate of change of distance

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4
Q

Mass vs. weight

A

Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an object whereas weight is the force which gravity pulls something towards the earth

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5
Q

Newton’s Laws of Motion

A

Law of inertia: every body remains in a state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force.

Force = mass x gravity: The amount of acceleration of a body is proportional to the acting force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

Law of action and reaction: For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction. If an object A exerts a force on object B, then object B will exert an equal but opposite force on object A.

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6
Q

Force

A

a push, pull or twist

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7
Q

Friction

A

the force that opposes motion

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8
Q

Pressure

A

a measure of force applied to a particular area

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9
Q

Work

A

the energy transferred to or from an object via the application of a force along a displacement

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10
Q

Power

A

the amount energy transferred per unit time

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11
Q

Kinetic energy

A

the energy an object has due to its motion

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12
Q

Air resistance

A

the result of collisions of the objects leading surface with air molecules

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13
Q

Terminal velocity

A

highest constant speed an object reaches when falling through the air

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14
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

the potential energy an object has because of its height

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15
Q

Conductor

A

Materials that allow the electrical flow of charge

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16
Q

Insulator

A

materials that do not allow the flow of electrical charge

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17
Q

Voltage in a series circuit

A

Shared for the components connected to the series

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18
Q

Current in a series circuit

A

Same for components connected in a series

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19
Q

Total resistance in a series circuit

A

All individual resistances added up

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20
Q

Voltage in a parallel circuit

A

Same for all components connected in a parallel

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21
Q

Current in a parallel circuit

A

All individual current added up

22
Q

Total resistance in a parallel circuit

A

All individual resistance added up (1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + R/3)

23
Q

Voltage

A

the difference in electrical potential energy between two points in a circuit

24
Q

Current

A

The rate of flow of electrical charge

25
Q

Resistance

A

The force that opposes the flow of electrical current in a circuit

26
Q

Electric Field

A

a region in which a charged object experiences a force

27
Q

Electrostatic forces

A

forces between charged particles causes movement between these charge particles

28
Q

What does a curved line in a distance-time graph represent?

A

Accelerating/Decelerating

29
Q

What does a positive straight line in a distance-time graph represent?

A

Constant speed

30
Q

What does a horizontal line in a distance-time graph represent?

A

Stationary

31
Q

What does a positive straight line in a displacement-time graph represent?

A

Steady speed

32
Q

What does a horizontal line in a displacement-time graph represent?

A

Stationary

33
Q

What does a negative straight line in a displacement-time graph represent?

A

Steady speed returning to start

34
Q

What does a displacement-time graph show

A

If an object is moving backwards to forwards

35
Q

What does a positive straight line on a speed-time graph represent?

A

Constant positive acceleration

36
Q

What does a horizontal line on a speed-time graph represent?

A

Constant speed

37
Q

What does a negative straight line on a speed time graph represent?

A

Constant negative acceleration

38
Q

What does a curved line on a speed-time graph represent?

A

Accelerating/decelerating

39
Q

How do you calculate distance travelled on a speed-time graph?

A

Find area

40
Q

Describe the relationship between area and pressure

A

If the surface area is increased, the pressure on the snow decreases.

If surface area is decreased, the pressure on the snow increases.

41
Q

Why is it that smaller surface area = more pressure? (vice versa)

A

The same force (weight of object) is applied over a smaller area.

42
Q

Law of conservation

A

Energy can not be created or destroyed but can be transformed

43
Q

Factors that affect resistance

A

Length, thickness and temperature

44
Q

Explain the forces of attraction of a positive and negative charge referring to electric field

A

The positive charge inside an electric field will experience a force towards the negative charge.

45
Q

Describe how we can differentiate the positive and negative parallel plates in a battery.

A

Longer line - positive
Shorter line - negative

46
Q

What way do the arrows point when drawing electrical field between parallel plates?

A

Away from positive
Positive –> Negative

47
Q

How do you calculate strength of the electric field?

A

Electric field = Voltage / distance between plates

48
Q

What is the unit for electric field?

A

V/m-1

49
Q

Why is the force needed less when dragging an object up a ramp instead of lifting it straight up?

A

The force needed is less for the ramp as the work done is the same , but the distance the work is done over is greater therefore force vert is greater than force ramp. (W = F x d)

50
Q

Explain whether or not the power needed to drag an object is more or less than the power needed to lift the object straight up

A

The power to drag to the top of the ramp would be less than lifting straight up as it took longer to drag up. This means the same work is done but is shared over a greater period of time, so the power is reduced. (P = W / t)

11SCI (3 decks)

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