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physical universe > PHU 4 > Flashcards

PHU 4 Flashcards

1
Q

transverse wave

A

The direction in which the wave travels is perpendicular to the direction of the disturbance.

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2
Q

longitudinal wave

A

A wave in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction the wave travels

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3
Q

wave

A

a vibration that causes a transfer of energy from one place to another.

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4
Q

medium

A

Material through which a wave travels (ground, air). when a wave travels through a medium it does not go anywhere it is just temporarily displaced.

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5
Q

mechanical wave

A

a type of wave that involves moving parts or pieces. the medium is physically displaces temporarily as a the wave travels through.

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6
Q

lowest to highest frequency

A

radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma

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7
Q

what can cause cancer

A

UV, Xray, Gamma

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8
Q

reflection

A

when a wave reaches a boundary between two media and some of the energy returns back to the first medium.

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9
Q

specular reflection

A

a reflection produced by a smooth surface in which parallel light rays are reflected in parallel (water, polished silver, mirror)

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10
Q

diffuse reflection

A

Reflection that occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough surface and all reflect at different angles (shirt, paper)

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11
Q

Reverberation

A

reflections in a smaller area (sound in a classroom)

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12
Q

echo

A

reflects off a surface that is far away (building) delayed

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13
Q

refraction

A

when a wave changes directions as it passes from one medium to another. occurs from change in wave speed. (ex- heat shimmer)

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14
Q

Atmosphere Refraction

A

sunlight refracts as it passes through the atmosphere. as light enters the atmosphere it slows down.

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15
Q

prism

A

A piece of glass that seperates white light into colors of the spectrum.

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16
Q

diffraction

A

when a wave changes direction as it passes around the edges of a gap or barrier (water, sound, light)

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17
Q

interference

A

when two or more waves occupy the same space at the same time, they add together to make a bigger wave or they cancel to make a smaller wave.

18
Q

superposition

A

when two or more waves occupy the same space at the same time

19
Q

constructive interference

A

The interference that occurs when two waves combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude

20
Q

destructive interference

A

The interference that occurs when two waves combine to make a wave with a smaller amplitude

21
Q

destructive examples

A
  • noise cancelling headphones
    -corners of a tuning fork
22
Q

resonance

A

A phenomenon that occurs when two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency.

23
Q

double slit experiment

A

demonstrates that light has properties of both waves and matter

24
Q

magnetic field

A

region of space where a magnetic force can be felt

25
Q

Relationship between magnetic and electric

A

An electric field creates a magnetic field (vise versa)

26
Q

Relationship between magnetic and electric

A

An electric field creates a magnetic field (vice versa)

27
Q

how do we break down light with a spectrum

A

with a prism, double slit experiment (if we shine light through slits you will see light and dark spots on the wall because the light diffracts).

28
Q

dark spots

A

nodal points where light from 2 slits interfere destructively.

29
Q

bright spots

A

antipodal points where light from 2 slits interfere constructively.

30
Q

Multiple slit grating

A

bright spots are spread out, 2 areas of destructive interference are larger

31
Q

diffraction grating

A

a device made of thousands of closely spaced slits through which light is passed in order to produce a spectrum

32
Q

wave equation

A

V=F*Lambda (wavelength)

33
Q

are sound waves longitudinal or transverse

A

longitudinal

34
Q

are sound waves mechanical or nonmechanical

A

mechanical

35
Q

water wave

A

mechanical transverse

36
Q

slinky wave

A

mechanical, transverse, longitudinal

37
Q

sound wave

A

mechanical longitudinal

38
Q

light wave

A

electromagnetic transverse

39
Q

Mechanical wave

A

require a medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another.

40
Q

electromagnetic waves

A

waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field.

41
Q

longitudinal wave

A

a type of wave that travels in the direction of the medium

42
Q

Transverse wave

A

a wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation

physical universe (5 decks)

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