Phsyics GCSE Flashcards
Describe a longitudinal wave?
Vibration travels parallel to the direction of the waves travel.
Describe a transverse wave?
Vibration travels perpendicular to the direction of the waves travel.
What type of experiment measures wave speed of transverse waves in liquid?
A ripple tank
What type of experiment measures wave speed in a solid?
Vibration generator
What type of experiment measures wave speed in a gas?
Person makes noise a certain distance, measure time of noise.
What is TEPMACK?
Thermal, Electrostatic, Potential(gravitational), Magnetic, Atomic, Chemical, Kinetic
What type of energy store does anything above ground always have?
Gravitational/Potential
How is energy dissipated to the surroundings?
Thermal energy
What order is the electromagnetic spectrum in?
(Lowest to highest)
Radio, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, X-rays and Gamma-rays
Uses of electromagnetic spectrum?
Radio- Communication
Micro- Cooking
Infrared- Thermal vision (army)
Visible Light- Sight
Ultraviolet- Sun-tanning
X-rays- Hospitals
Gamma-rays- Disinfection
What is refraction?
Light passing through one medium and through another
What is Scalar?
A quantity that is fully described by a magnitude.
What is a Vector?
A quantity that is fully described by a direction and a magnitude.
Examples of a Scalar and a Vector?
Scalar: Time
Vector: Gravitational field
Factors that affect brake speed?
Initial speed of vehicle
Tyre quality
Factors that affect thinking distance?
Drugs and alcohol
How to calculate stopping distance?
1/2 initial velocity x time required to stop
What is Newton’s first law?
Every object remains motionless until the act of an external force compels it to change its state.
What is Newton’s second law?
More force generates more acceleration for a given mass, more mass means less acceleration from a given force.
What is the typical speeds for walking, cycling and running?
Walking: 1.5m/s
Running: 3m/s
Cycling: 6m/s
What is contamination?
Contamination is what happens when an object has radioactive material introduced to it.
What is irradiation?
Purposefully exposing an object to radiation.
What is background radiation
Everyday natural exposure to radiation, e.g. bananas, microwaves.
How to measure radiation?
A Geiger Counter/ Muller Tube measured in millisievert
How to calculate half life?
λ = amount of radioactivity/amount it decreases in time
What happens to mass and protons during decay.
Mass number decreases by 4, proton number decreases by 2.
