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Pe Definitions > Phsycological > Flashcards

Phsycological Flashcards

1
Q

Observational learning

A

Social learning theory
Bandura
Learning from significant others
Attention-retention -motor production-motivation

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2
Q

What is vygotskys theory

A

Constructivism- social development theory
Setting tartlets - alone, with help,not yet
Building up learning in stages

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3
Q

What is insight theory

A

Gestaltist - problem solving
Using experience and understanding
Tell me ,I’ll forget….

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4
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Mice experiment
S-r bond can be affected by -
Based on trial and error
Shapes behaviours
Manipulates environment
Through positive and negative reinforcement

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5
Q

Where does selective attention occur

A

Perceptual mechanism

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6
Q

What happens at the translatory mechanism

A

Decision making occurs based on past experience

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7
Q

In the working memory what does the episodic buffer do

A

Coordinates sight hearing and movement info from working memory
Linkups it into sequences to form the long term memory

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8
Q

Features of short term sensory store

A

All info held for a short time (0.25-1)
Huge capacity with separate stores
Perceptual mechanism - determines what is put into the short term memory

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9
Q

Features of short term memory

A

Incoming info
Is compared to that previously learnt
There is a limited capacity - in terms of quantity

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10
Q

Feature of long term memory

A

Capacity in infinite
Well practised and learnt info is held here
Recognised and compared to new

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11
Q

Strats to improve LTM

A

Mental practice
Association
Focus
Chunking
Repetition

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12
Q

2 features of scheme

A

Recall - happened before action
Recognition - happened after action

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13
Q

What is recall schema

A

It is what happens before the action
Initial conditions - the info from the environment
Response specification - what you need to do

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14
Q

What is recognition schema

A

What happens after the skill
Sensory consequence - about the feel of the movement
Response outcome - feedback about results

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15
Q

In personality what is trait theory

A

B=f(p)
Traits are stable,
The consistent behaviours
They are inherited

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16
Q

What is the interactionalist approach

A

Trait and social learning
B=f(pxe)
Physcological core - doesn’t change
The typical response
Role related behaviour - unexpected

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17
Q

What are the 3 components of attitude

A

Affective - feelings and emotions
Behavioural - actions and habits
Cognative - beliefs and what you think

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18
Q

How can you change an attitude

A

Cognative dissonance
Persuasive communication

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19
Q

What is cognative dissonance

A

Putting pressure on one or more of the attitude components
Performer becomes uneasy and motivated to change

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20
Q

Aggression :instinct theory

A

When aggression is spontaneous and innate
Evolutionary and inherited
When under threat in sport we react

21
Q

Frustration aggression theory

A

When a goal is blocked players become frustrated
Player may build up aggression and become worse
Or catharsis occurs

22
Q

Aggression :social learning theory

A

Learn aggression from Role models
Aggressive behaviour can be reinforced

23
Q

Aggressive cue theory

A

Caused by a learnt trigger
Can occur from previous experience
If cue is present in game then aggression may happen

24
Q

According to vealeys model confidence depends on

A

Personality
Experience
Situation

25
Q

Banduras 4 factors that affect confidence

A

Performance accomplishments
Vacarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Emotional arousal

26
Q

How can a coach promote confidence

A

Allowing early success
Give encouragement
Point out when performer succeeded
Learn mental practice

27
Q

What is attribution

A

A perception or reason for the outcome of an event

28
Q

Wieners model of attribution 4 features

A

Ability
Task difficulty
Luck
Effort

29
Q

What is learnt helplessness

A

When success is attributed to things that the performer cannot control (external unstable factors)
Believing that failure is inevitable

30
Q

What is self serving bias

A

When failure occurs - attributing it to external unstable faster
When success occurs - attributing it internally and stable

31
Q

Chellauderais model

A

Is all the factors that are effecting leadership
Must have a balance between :
-situation
-leader
-group

32
Q

What is evaluation apprehension

A

The perceived fear of being judged

33
Q

In Zajoncs theory - who else can be present

A

Co - actors
Competitive Co- actors
Social reinforcers
Audience

34
Q

In Zajoncs theory what affect does the presence of others have on the performer

A

Will increase arousal levels
Causing dominant response or occur
If expert/simple/nach - facilitation
If novice/complex/naf - inhibition

35
Q

Outcome goal

A

A goal set against the performance of others and based on result
Like beating opponents

36
Q

Task orientated goal

A

Concerned with improvements of technique
Less splash into the water at dive

37
Q

Performance goal

A

When an athlete sets a goal to better their own performance rather than comparing
Getting a PB

38
Q

Process goal

A

Based on improving technique
To better performance so their are long term wins

39
Q

For group dynamics what characteristics must the team have

A

A collective identity
Interaction
Communication
A shared goal

40
Q

What is social loafing

A

Individual loos of motivation in a team due to lack of performance identity
Caused by lack of confidence/lack of motivation

41
Q

What is the ringlemen effect

A

As group size increases group motivation decreases

42
Q

What is the equation for Steiner model

A

Actual productivity = potential - losses due to faulty processes

43
Q

How can a coach promote motivation

A

Attribute success internally
Offer rewards
Use role models
Pointing out healthy benefits

44
Q

NACH characteristics

A

Need to achieve
Confident
Aren’t afraid of failure
Loves competition
Welcomes feedback

45
Q

NAF characteristics

A

Need to avoid failure
Do not like feedback
Don’t like competition
Give up easily
Take the easy option

46
Q

Equation for achievement motivation

A

Drive for success - fear of failure

47
Q

Prescribed vs emergent leader

A

Prescribed is appointed from outside of the group
Emergent - appointed from within group

48
Q

Temporal anticipation

A

Predicting when something will happen

49
Q

Spatial anticipation

A

Predicting where/what is going to happen

Pe Definitions (3 decks)

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