Photosynthesis/cellular respiration inputs, outputs, & locations Flashcards
Inputs of light-dependent stage
12 H2O
12 NADP+
18 ADP + Pi
Outputs of light-dependent stage
6 O2
12 NADPH
18 ATP
Location of light-dependent stage
Grana/thylakoid membranes
Inputs of light-independent stage
6 CO2
12 NADPH
18 ATP
Outputs of light-independent stage
C6H12O6
12 NADP+
18 ADP + Pi
6 H2O
Location of light-independent stage
Stroma
RuBisCo’s role in the light-independent stage
Carbon fixation:
Binding CO2 and fixing the carbon into the organic 3-PGA, thus initiating the Calvin cycle.
RuBisCo’s problem
Photorespiration:
By binding O2 and undertaking photorespiration, photosynthesis is disrupted as CO2 loses an opportunity to bind with Rubisco.
Inputs of glycolysis
1 glucose (C6H12O6)
2 ADP + 2 Pi
2 NAD+ + 2 H+
Outputs of glycolysis
2 pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
Location of glycolysis
Cytosol
Inputs of the Krebs cycle
2 acetyl-CoA (derived from 2 pyruvate)
2 ADP + 2 Pi
6 NAD+ + 6 H+
2 FAD + 4 H+
Outputs of the Krebs cycle
4 carbon dioxide (CO2)
2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH2
Location of the Krebs cycle
The mitochondrial matrix
Outputs of the electron transport chain
6 water (H2O)
26 or 28 ATP
10 NAD+ + 10 H+
2 FAD + 4 H+
Inputs of the electron transport chain
6 oxygen (O2) + 12 H+
26 or 28 ADP + 26 or 28 Pi
10 NADH
2 FADH2
Location of the electron transport chain
The cristae of the mitochondria
Total ATP produced from cellular respiration
30 or 32 ATP
Role of coenzymes in cellular respiration
Coenzymes are unloaded in reactions that need extra energy and become loaded in reactions that produce energy.
Unloaded coenzymes in cellular respiration
ADP, NAD+, FAD
Loaded coenzymes in cellular respiration
ATP, NADH, FADH2
Anaerobic fermentation
A metabolic pathway that occurs in the absence of oxygen. Involves glycolysis, followed by further reactions that convert pyruvate into lactic acid in animals, or ethanol and CO2 in yeasts.
Aerobic cellular respiration
Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. Involves three stages, during which glucose and O2 are converted into ATP, CO2, and water.
Cellular respiration
The process by which cells create usable energy in the form of ATP from a series of biochemical reactions, involving the breakdown of glucose.