Photosynthesis/Cell Respiration

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs.

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

Organism that cannot make its own nutrients and must rely on other organisms for food.

Question 3

Cellular Respiration

Answer 3

Is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy.

Question 4

Pigment

Answer 4

A substance occurring in plant or animal tissue and producing a characteristic colour, such as chlorophyll in green plants

Question 5

Chlorophyll

Answer 5

Any of a group of green pigments that capture light energy used as the energy source in photosynthesis and that are found in the chloroplasts of plants

Question 6

Thylakoid membrane

Answer 6

Are membrane-bound compartments inside of the chloroplasts. Thylakoids are the epicenter for photosynthetic light-reactions.

Question 7

ATP

Answer 7

Energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things. ATP captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes.

Question 8

Aerobic respiration

Answer 8

The process by which organisms use oxygen to turn fuel, such as fats and sugars, into chemical energy

Question 9

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 9

Transfers energy from glucose to cells,occurs when oxygen is not present, and transfers large amounts of energy quickly

Question 10

Glycolysis

Answer 10

Is a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvates.

Question 11

Fermentation

Answer 11

Chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically.