DNA

Question 1

Double Helix

Answer 1

A pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, especially that in the structure of the DNA molecule.

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

Are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate.

Question 3

Deoxyribose

Answer 3

A sugar derived from ribose by replacing a hydroxyl group with hydrogen.

Question 4

Base-pairing Rules

Answer 4

Chargaff’s rules state that DNA from any cell of any organism should have a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases

Question 5

DNA Replication

Answer 5

is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.

Question 6

Replication Fork

Answer 6

is a structure that forms within the long helical DNA during DNA replication

Question 7

DNA Helicase

Answer 7

are a class of enzymes vital to all organisms.

Question 8

DNA polymerase

Answer 8

is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, the molecular precursors of DNA.

Question 9

RNA

Answer 9

is used in key metabolic processes for all steps of protein synthesis in all living cells and carries the genetic information of many viruses.

Question 10

Transcription

Answer 10

is the first of several steps of DNA based gene expression in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA

Question 11

Translation

Answer 11

is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA

Question 12

Messenger RNA

Answer 12

plays a vital role in human biology, specifically in a process known as protein synthesis

Question 13

Transfer RNA

Answer 13

is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins.

Question 14

Gene Expression

Answer 14

is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.