Photosynthesis Flashcards
What are Photosystems
clusters of chlorophyll in the thylakoids
What happens during the light-dependent reaction?
The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight Split Water Make oxygen Turn NADP+ into NADPH Turn ADP into ATP
What is a electron transport chain
A group of proteins that move electrons.
A Machine in Light Dependent Reactions
ATP synthase
An enzyme that allows H+ ions to pass through it to make ATP
Calvin cycle
Same thing at light independent reactions.
Carbon dioxide turns into sugar/glucose.
Uses ATP and NADPH
Occurs in the StRoma
What happens during the light-independent reaction.
ATP and NADPH (from the light-dependent reaction) and CO2 are used to produce high-energy sugars.
What some factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis
- temperature
- light intensity
- availability of water
Why is ATP useful to cells
ATP can easily release and store energy by breaking and reforming the bonds between its phosphate groups. This characteristic of ATP makes it exceptionally useful as a basic energy source for all cells.
Adenosine triphosphate is used by…
Is used by cells to store and release energy
ATP is an abbreviation for
Adenosine triphosphate
Heterotrophs are
Organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things
Autotrophs are…
Organisms that make their own food
Photosynthesis is
6H2O + 6CO2 —-> 6O2 + C6H12O6
Water + Carbon Dioxide makes Oxygen and Glucose/Sugars
What happens during the process of photosynthesis?
plants convert energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates (sugar)
Light Dependent happens in the
Thylakoids membrane
Light Independent/Calvin cycle happens in the
StRoma
Chlorophyll absorbs…
Chlorophyll reflects…
Absorbs: Purple, blue, orange
Reflects: Green
An example of an electron carrier is
NADP+
The molecules used in Light Dependent are
Photon of light + Water —–> Oxygen
The molecules used in Light Independent/Calvin cycle are
Carbon dioxide —–> Glucose(Sugar)
What is special about C4 and CAM plants?
Plants that adapted to use very little carbon dioxide
in super bright and hot climates to do photosynthesis.
Like Cacti and Corn
What do pigments do?
Capture light.
What is a stomata/Stoma?
A hole in leaves that does gas exchange.
They let in CO2 and let out O2.
What part of a vein carries water?
Xylem
What part of a vein carries sugars/nutrients?
Phloem
What part of the leaf traps the sun with chlorophyll?
Palisade Mesophyll
What do the guard cells in a leaf do?
Open and close the stomata/Stoma
What does the waxy cuticle of a leaf do?
Protects the leaf from insects
Prevent water loss
