Photosynthesis

Question 0

Biomass Partitioning

Answer 0

TBD

Question 1

Biomass Accumulation

Answer 1

Everything the plant takes up and doesn’t give back

Question 2

Location of the light reactions?

Answer 2

Thylakoids inside the chloroplasts

Question 3

Location of Calvin cycle

Answer 3

Stroma inside the chloroplast

-liquid around thylakoids but inside chloroplast

Question 4

Granum/Grana

Answer 4

Layers of thylakoids

Question 5

400nm? To 700nm?

Answer 5

400= violet
700= red

Question 6

Chlorophyll a color absorbance

Answer 6

425 violet-blue and 675 low red

Approximately (at peaks)

Question 7

Chloroplast b absorbance

Answer 7

475nm blue. 635 yellow to low red

Approximately (at peaks)

Question 8

Carotenoids absorbance

Answer 8

2 peaks from 450 to 500

Violet and blue

Question 9

“Action Spectra”

Answer 9

Peaks at violet-blue and low red

Lowering in the green-yellow area.

Question 10

Light absorbing head

Answer 10

Porphyrin ring chlorophyll a & b head with hydrocarbon tail for stability
Green heads in diagram as light receptors

Question 11

PAR

Answer 11

Photosynthetically active radiation

Question 12

General light reaction process for NADP+

Answer 12

Light @PSII -> Pq -> cytochrome complex -> Pc -> PSI (light) ->
Fd -> NADP+ reductase (NADP+ + 2H+ + e- = NADPH + H+)

Question 13

General light reactions for ATP

Answer 13

H2O splits at PSII -> 2H+ increases concentration -> cytochrome brings in 2H+ from stroma to lumen -> high concentration runs ATP Synthase (ADP+ P goes trough “pump” to produce ATP)

Question 14

Step 1) light

Answer 14

Light is absorbed by the porphin ring at PSII. 1 photon excites 1 electron to higher energy state. Water (H2O) is split by the excited e-. Oxygen is released as a byproduct and 2H+ accumulates in the lumen to add to the proton gradient to power ATP Syntase.

Question 15

Step 2) Pq

Answer 15

Plastoquinone: transports e- from PSII to he cytochrome complex

Question 16

Step 3) cytochrome complex

Answer 16

Cytochrome complex brings 2H+ from stroma to lumen for proton gradient.

Question 17

Step 4) Pc

Answer 17

Plastocyanin: Transports the e- from cytochrome complex to PSI

Question 18

Step 5) PSI

Answer 18

PS1 absorbs light to reexcite the e- and increase its energy level.

Question 19

Step 6) Fd

Answer 19

Ferredoxin: transports e- from PSI to NADP+ reductase

Question 20

Step 7) NADP reductase

Answer 20

NADP+ + 2H+ uses the excited e- for energy to produce NADPH + H+ THEN—> NADPH is used in Calvin Cycle.

Question 21

Step 8) ATP Synthase

Answer 21

The proton gradient created by the 2H+ from water splitting at PSII and from the cytochrome complex pull it from the stroma runs the ATP Synthase like a “mechanical pump”. ADP + P goes through the ATP Synthase to produce ATP.

Question 22

Calvin Cycle: Phase One

Answer 22

Carbon Fixation: Rubisco takes carbon from CO2 and adds it to Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to become 3-PGA. ATP is used to form 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate and ADP is released.

Question 23

Calvin Cycle: Phase 2

Answer 23

Reduction: The 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate interacts with NADPH to form G3P and returns NADP+. Then 1 G3P goes to output for glucose and other organic compounds while 5 G3P continue in the cycle.

Question 24

Calvin Cycle: Phase 3

Answer 24

Regeneration of RuBP: ATP is used with the 5 G3P to regenerate ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) and continue the cycle on to Carbon fixation