Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which plants capture energy from the sun using mitochondria and convert it into carbon dioxide, water and simple sugars
What are the materials needed for photosynthesis?
Water
Carbon dioxide
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose
Oxygen
What is the chloroplast envelope?
The 2 membranes outside of the chloroplast with with a space between them
What are grana?
A system of membranes arranged in stacks inside the chloroplast
What are thylakoids?
The membrane discs that make up a granum in the chloroplast
What is the stroma?
The matrix of the chloroplast
What are some of the different kinds of chlorophyll?
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Phaeophytin
What is the most abundant type of chlorophyll?
Chloryphyll a
Why are different kinds of chlorophyll needed?
Each type absorbs a different part of the spectrum so they’re needed to maximise the ammount of light absorbed.
How do you work out the Rf value in chromatography?
distance travelled by solute
____________________
distance travelled by solvent
What are the names of the photosystems?
Photosystem 1 (PSI) Photosystem 2 (PSII)
Where does the light dependant stage take place?
Thylakoid membranes
What happens at the beginning of the light dependant stage?
Light splits a molocule of water in a photochemical reaction
Light hits a chlorophyll and raises the electrons to a higher energy level where the leave the molocule and are taken up by an electron acceptor into either cyclic or non-cyclic photophosphorelation.
What are the products of the light dependant reactions?
ATP
NADPH
Which photosystem is involved in cyclic phosphorelation?
PSI
What is photolysis?
The spitting of a water molocule
How is photolysis used in noncyclic photophosphorelation?
Electron from splitting water is used to stabalize PSII after it gave its electron to PSI
What is NADP?
An electron acceptor
In what part of photosynthesis is the Calvin cycle?
Light-independant reactions
Where do the light independant reactions take place?
Stroma of the chloroplast
What is the first thing to be formed in the Calvin cycle?
RUBISCO
How does RUBISCO change into GP?
RUBISCO is theoretically a 6 carbon compound but is very unstable so almost instantly forms 2 3 carbon compounds (GP)
How is GP changed into GALP?
GP is reduced (hydrogen added)
