Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

9 biology end of years > photosynthesis > Flashcards

photosynthesis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process in which plants make glucose and oxygen for food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is respiration?

A

The production of energy with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are food chains?

A

Food chains display the transfer of energy between living organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give an example of a producer in a food chain

A

Plants. They are able to produce their own food from sunlight by photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is biomass?

A

The amount that makes a living organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an endothermic reaction?

A

When energy is taken in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an exothermic reaction?

A

When energy is given out in the form of heat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List the order of the things that make the structure of a leaf. Top to bottom.

A 
Waxy cuticle
Upper epidermis
Palisade layer/mesophyll layer
Spongy mesophyll layer
Lower epidermis
Guard cell
Stoma
Air spaces
Waxy cuticle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of a waxy cuticle?

A

This is found at the top and bottom of a leaf cell. Layer of protection that helps water drainage so leaf won’t mold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of an upper epidermis?

A

Allowed sunlight to pass through so photosynthesis can take place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the palisade layer?

A

Where photosynthesis can take place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the spongy layer?

A

Allows exchange of gases. Carbon dioxide comes in and diffuses here.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the lower epidermis?

A

The stomata allow gases in and out of the leaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the respiration equation?

A

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP

C(6)H(12)0(6) + 6O(2) → 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O + ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the photosynthesis equation?

A

carbon dioxide + water →(chlorophyll) sugar + oxygen

6CO(2) + 6H(2)O → C(6)H(12)O(6) +6O(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the function of the guard cells?

A

these open and close. they open when there is lots of water and close when there is not enough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the products of photosynthesis?

A

plants make glucose during photosynthesis. they convert this into other products used by the plant such as

  • starch in food store
  • lipids or oils
  • proteins for growth and hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the limiting factors of photosynthesis and what effect do these have on the rate of reaction.

A
  • light intensity
  • CO2 concentration
  • temperature

if there is not enough of 1 limiting factor, the rate of reaction cannot increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the effect of light intensity?

A

light intensity is a key addition that plants need. as the light intensity increases, the rate if photosynthesis increases

20
Q

what is the effect of temperature?

A

all enzyme reactions require heat energy. an increase in temperature will increase the rate of photosynthesis this is until the reaction reaches its optimum temperature before the enzyme denatures

21
Q

what is the effect of CO2 concentration?

A

carbon dioxide is needed by plants to make glucose. as co2 increases the rate of reaction increases.

22
Q

what do plants exchange with their surroundings?

A

water
minerals
co2
oxygen

23
Q

how is each surface adapted for exchange?

A

large surface area
root hair cells
stomata
air spaces in leaf

24
Q

where does exchange take place?

A

roots

leaves

25
Q

features of the rooots

A
  • root hair cells increase the surface area
  • they collect water molecules via diffusion
  • doesn’t have chlorophyll because it is underground
26
Q

features of the leaves

A
  • large surface area
  • thin to give short diffusion distance
  • air spaces store gases
  • water exits through stomata via diffusiom
27
Q

what is transpiration

A

the loss of water from the leaves

28
Q

if it is warmer what happens to transpiration?

A

the process is faster because thermal energy is converted into kinetic energy and so the particles move faster

29
Q

if it is windier what happens to transpiration?

A

tjhe process is faster as evaporated water is removed from the surface of the leaf maintaining the concentration gradient

30
Q

if it is drier, what happens to transpiration?

A

process is faster because there is a greater concentration dradient

31
Q

if it is dark waht happens to transpiration?

A

process is slower because the stomata close in the dark

32
Q

function of xylem

A

transports minerals and water. usually dead

33
Q

function of phloem

A

transports sucrose. made up of living tissue

34
Q

how can a plant prevent how much water is lost?

A
  • close itself up (less surface area)
  • lose leaves
  • close stomata
  • less stomata
  • sunken stomata
  • waxy cuticle
  • hairs to trap water
35
Q

what are xerophytes?

A

plant living in warm environment

36
Q

what do plant hormones allow the plant to do?

A
  • grow towards the hugs
  • roots respond to water
  • plant has to know which way it grows
37
Q

what is phototropism

A

reaction of a plant to light. light is needed for photosynthesis so plants grow towards it

38
Q

what is geotropsim

A

reaction of a plant to gravity roots grow towards gravty

39
Q

what is hydrotropism

A

reaction of plant to water. roots grown outwards and downwards to find water

40
Q

What is oxin?

A

Plant hormones made at the tip of shoots and are distributed around the plant. Used in weed killers and it makes the plant grow fast sometimes too fast and then it dies.

41
Q

What is horticulture?

A

Low scale growing plants and flowers

42
Q

What is agriculture?

A

Farming larger scale than horticulture

43
Q

What is gibberellin?

A

Hormone that stimulates plant germination

44
Q

Define germination

A

Growing of a plant

45
Q

What is ethane

A

Hormone produced by plants/fruits to ripen. People take ethane out then put it back in when it is being sold in a shop

46
Q

What is controlled by plant hormones?

A 
Growth
Ripening
Leaves change colour 
Leaves fall off 
Seed germination

9 biology end of years (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions