key concepts Flashcards
What 8 features does a plant cell have?
Chloroplasts, vacuole, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, ribosomes
What 5 features does an animal cell have?
Cell membrane, nucleus, cell wall, ribosomes, mitochondria
What is the function of a nucleus?
Control centre of the cell. Contains the genes of the cell.
What is the function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
Chemical reactions like respiration take place here.
What is the function of the cell surface membrane?
Stores sugar and helps the cell fill the cell wall
What is the function of the cell wall?
Makes a rigid box that supports the cell
What is the function of the cell sap vacuole?
Let’s some substances in to the cell and keeps others out
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
Where photosynthesis takes place
What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?
Chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall
What does the root hair cell do and where is it found?
It is found in the roots of the plant, it absorbs water and the hairs help increase the surface area
What does the cell from breathing system do?
It has microvilli and this helps to give the cell a higher surface area. It is found in the windpipe and it absorbs food
What does a red blood cell do and where is it found?
Because it carries haemoglobin it needs a high surface area. It is found in the bloodstream and it absorbs and carries oxygen around the body. It doesn’t have a nucleus and his allows more space for oxygen.
What does a plant cell do and where is it found?
It has chloroplasts, found in the lead and it performs photosynthesis.
What does a sperm cell do and where is it found?
Has a tail to help it swim and carry genes to the egg. It is found in the testes.
What does a ciliates cell do and where is it found?
Found in the digestive system where it uses its cilia to push substances and mucus along. Found in the small intestine.
Name two different types of bacteria
Salmonella and yaculi
What are pathogens?
Harmful bacteria that can cause disease.
What does a white blood cell do?
Kills harmful bacteria
What does a nerve cell do?
Sends electrical impulses/messages to the brain
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Cells which have a true nucleus. Evolved from prokaryotes.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a true nucleus. Simplest and oldest cells
Nanometer (nm) —> micrometer
Divide by 1000
Micrometer to millimetre
Divide by 1000
Millimetre to centimetre
Divide by 10
Centimetre to millimetre
X10
Millimetre to micrometer
X1000
Micrometer to nanometer
X1000
Actual size of a magnified object
Image
———
Magnification
Magnification of an image
Image size
—————
Actual size
What does muscular tissue do?
This can contract to bring out movement
What does epithelial tissue do?
This covers some parts of the body
What does glandular tissue do?
Produces substances such as enzymes and hormones.
What does glandular tissue produce in the stomach?
Produces digestive juices
Where in the stomach does epithelial tissue cover?
The inside and outside
What would happen if the muscular tissue in the stomach was not functioning properly?
The food would not digest properly
What substance does the liver produce?
Bile
What does the large intestine produce?
Faeces
What glands produce the digestive juices?
The pancreas and salivary glands
Where does absorption of soluble foods take place?
In the stomach and in the large intestine
What are chromosomes and where would you find them?
Chromosomes carry genetic info. Found in the nucleus.
Why are there lots of mitochondria in ciliated cells?
Cilia move and hey need lots of energy
