Photosynthesis 1st year Topic 11

Question 1

Why are plants called producers?

Answer 1

Because they are able to make their own food through the process of photosynthesis

Question 2

What type of nutrition do plants participate in?

Answer 2

Autotrophic

Question 3

Briefly describe photosynthesis

Answer 3

Plants are dependant on sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars.

Question 4

In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 4

Chloroplasts

Question 5

What pigment do chloroplasts have which causes the plant cell to be green in colour?

Answer 5

chlorophyll

Question 6

Function of chlorophyll

Answer 6

Absorbs sunlight energy and makes the energy from sunlight available for chemical reactions

Question 7

What is the main organ of a plant?

Answer 7

Leaf

Question 8

Name the main parts of the leaf

Answer 8

Midrib,petiole,lamina,margin,apex and small veins

Question 9

Draw the leaf

Question 10

What is the petiole

Answer 10

Where the leaf is attached to the stem

Question 11

What is the midrib

Answer 11

The large central and thick vein

Question 12

What is the lamina

Answer 12

The thin and flat part of the leaf

Question 13

What do the veins contain in them

Answer 13

Vascular bundles of xylem and the phloem

Question 14

Name a some functions of the main and lateral veins

Answer 14

1) To support the leaf so it does not collapse
2)Transport substances like water and mineral salts to all the leaf cells

Question 15

True or false

Leaf cells are adapted to carry out photosynthesis

Answer 15

True

Leaf cells have multiple adaptations which allows them to carry out photosynthesis in an efficient way

Leaf cells absorb water, carbon dioxide and absorb sunlight energy to manufacture food

Question 16

Name the 4 main layers of the leaf

Answer 16

epidermis
palisade mesophyll layer
spongy mesophyll layer
lower epidermis

Question 17

How is the epidermis adapted to carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 17

It contains a thin waxy cuticle to prevent water loss

No chloroplasts are present and are transparent so light can easily reach the palisade cells underneath

Question 18

How is the palisade mesophyll layer adapted to carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 18

This is where photosynthesis occurs,therfore they are tightly packed and filled with chloroplasts and coloumn shaped.

Question 19

Mention some other extra adaptations that leaves have which make photosynthesis efficient.

Answer 19

Lamina: provides a large surface area for the absorption of light

Leaves are thin therfore carbon dioxiode onl has to diffuse through short distances to reach the other layers of the leaf

Veins: provide a good water supply to all photosynthesizing cells. ensures that every cell will receive water : provide support to the leaf so it does not collapse and used for the distribution of mineral salts and water to all the leaf cells

Stomatal pores: which are found on the lower epidermis which allow the diffusion of carbon dioxide into the leaf for photosynthesis and then oxygen is produced and diffuses out from the stomata

Question 20

What does the spongy mesophyll layer contain?

Answer 20

Air spaces between the cells which allows the easy passage of carbon dioxide through all the cells. (allows gaseous exchange to occur) + chloroplasts are also found here

Question 21

Know how to label the leaf mosaic

Question 22

What type of cells are stomata surrounded by?

Answer 22

Guard cells

Question 23

Give the word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen