Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Chlorophyll

Question 2

Where does the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis take place?

Answer 2

Thylakoid membrane

Question 3

What is the final electron acceptor in the light-dependent reaction?

Answer 3

NADP+

Question 4

What molecule is produced during the light-dependent reaction and used to power the Calvin cycle?

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 5

To convert carbon dioxide into glucose

Question 6

What enzyme is responsible for fixing carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle?

Answer 6

Rubisco

Question 7

What is the product of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 7

Glucose

Question 8

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 8

Chloroplast

Question 9

What is the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 10

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

Answer 10

To provide electrons during the light-dependent reaction

Question 11

What is the main purpose of the light-dependent reaction?

Answer 11

To produce ATP and NADPH

Question 12

What is the primary function of the photosystems in the thylakoid membrane?

Answer 12

To absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy

Question 13

What is the role of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

Answer 13

To generate a proton gradient for ATP production

Question 14

What happens to the oxygen produced during photosynthesis?

Answer 14

It is released into the atmosphere

Question 15

What factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration

Question 16

What is the significance of photosynthesis in the ecosystem?

Answer 16

It is the primary source of energy for most living organisms

Question 17

What is the difference between C3, C4, and CAM plants in terms of photosynthesis?

Answer 17

They have different mechanisms for carbon fixation and adaptation to varying environmental conditions

Question 18

What is the role of carotenoids in photosynthesis?

Answer 18

To protect chlorophyll from damage by excess light

Question 19

What is the importance of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?

Answer 19

It removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converts it into organic molecules

Question 20

How does the structure of the chloroplast relate to its function in photosynthesis?

Answer 20

The thylakoid membrane provides the surface area for light absorption and ATP production

Question 21

What is the significance of the photosystem II reaction center in photosynthesis?

Answer 21

It is the first step in the light-dependent reaction, where water is split to release oxygen

Question 22

What is the role of the stroma in photosynthesis?

Answer 22

To house the enzymes of the Calvin cycle for carbon fixation

Question 23

How does the pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane contribute to ATP production?

Answer 23

It drives the synthesis of ATP through chemiosmosis

Question 24

What is the importance of the Z scheme in photosynthesis?

Answer 24

It describes the flow of electrons through photosystem II and I to generate ATP and NADPH

Question 25

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 25

Photosynthesis produces oxygen and glucose, which are used in cellular respiration to generate ATP