photosynthesis Flashcards
explain the term “photosynthesis”
the process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates (glucose) from raw materials using light energy
give the raw reactants of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide
water
what two substances are products of photosynthesis
oxygen
glucose
why is light energy not considered a raw material?
it is not a substance
write down the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water —> oxygen + glucose
(chlorophyll & light energy)
give 6 ways glucose is used or stored after photosynthesis
converted into sucrose for transport in the phloem
used in respiration to provide energy
converted into cellulose to create cell walls
stored as starch (as an effective energy store)
made into amino acids (to make proteins)
made into lipids for energy
what function does magnesium sulfate perform?
its the central chlorophyll molecule (creates chlorophylls)
give the result of magnesium sulfate deficiency
yellow, dead plants
result of nitrate deficiency:
poor plant growth/yellowing leaves
what are nitrate salts used for?
protein synthesis
give the use and deficiency of potassium
helps with water absorption
brown leaves
give the use and deficiency of phosphate
helps in plant growth
reduced growth
where does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts
plants ….. all day long, but only …….. during daytime
respire
photosynthesize
define ‘osmosis’
diffusion of water or other solvents from a highly concentrated solution to a lower concentrated one
causes water to pass into the root hair cells and into the xylem vessels
elaborate on the vascular bundle
xylem vessels and phloem vessels
xylem vessels: transport water and minerals from the roots to the stem and leaves
phloem vessels: transport food materials (mainly sucrose and amino acids) after photosynthesis to non-photosynthesizing regions of the plant
define transpiration
loss of water vapor by evaporation through the stomata
state two functions of the stoma
gas exchange/diffusion of gases
transpiration
during the day, a plant’s stoma is ……
at night, it is …….
swollen/turgid
flaccid/shrunken
