Photodermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

Photobiology

A

The study of non-ionising radiation on living systems

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2
Q

Fitzpatrick sun-reactive skin phototypes

A

Type I - skin doesn’t tan, just burns
Type II - skin burns but can tan
Type III - skin can tan easily, especially after a few exposures but can still burn
Type IV - don’t burn often, often naturally tanned/dark skin
Type V - dark brown skin
Type VI - black skin

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3
Q

Which site involvement is a clue to cutaneous photosensitivity?

A

Retroauricular area

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4
Q

Main groups of porphyrias

A

Phototoxic skin porphyrias
Blistering and fragility skin porphyrias
Acute attack porphyrias
Severe congenital porphyrias

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5
Q

True or false - all the skin porphyrias involve porphyrins as chromophores

A

True

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6
Q

Chromophores

A

Chemicals that absorb radiation

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7
Q

Manifestations of porphyrias in the skin relate to what?

A

Where the porphyrins mainly accumulate

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8
Q

Common skin porphyria features

A

Blistering and fragility

Acute phototoxicity symptoms

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9
Q

Commonest porphyria

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda type I

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10
Q

What has reduced activity in porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

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11
Q

Clinical presentation of porphyria cutanea tarda

A
Large blister (bullae)
Erosion
Photodistribution
Milia (small white bumps that are firm but not hard)
Hyperpigmentation
Hypertrichosis
Solar urticaria
Morphoea
Fragility
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12
Q

Investigations for porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Woods lamp (lamp that shines predominantly violet light) shine on urine

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13
Q

Aims of treatment in porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Relieve the skin disease and treat the underlying disease

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14
Q

Possible underlying causes of porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Alcohol
Viral hepatitis
Oestrogens
Haemochromatosis

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15
Q

What has a reduced activity in erythropoietic protoporphyria?

A

Ferrotelachase

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16
Q

Clinical presentation of erythropoietic protoporphyria

A

Very itchy and painful with some relief from coolness, and sometimes subtle swelling

17
Q

Photoprotection measures

A

Behavioural - avoid sunlight in middle of day
Clothing
Environmental - shade, trees
Topical sunscreen