Phospholipids Flashcards
1
Q
function of phosphoglycerides/glycerophospholipids
A
forms lipid bilayer in cell membranes
- e.g is phosphatidyl ethanolamine which is inv in apoptosis
2
Q
lecithins/phosphatidylcholines
A
- choline imp neurotransmitter -acetylcholine
- dipalmitoyl lecithin: surfactant, prevents adherence
- absence from lungs causes infant respiratory distress syndrome
3
Q
sphingomyelins
A
- outer leaflet of cell membrane bilayer
- abundant in lipid rafts
- myelin sheath - integrity and function
- cell signalling and apoptosis
4
Q
plasmalogen
A
- 10-30% of phospholipids of brain and heart
- may have protective function against ROS
5
Q
platelet activating factor PAF
A
- binds to surface receptors, triggering potent thrombotic and acute inflammatory events
- causes platelets to aggregate and activate
- neutrophils to generate superoxide radicals to kill bacteria
- lowers bp
6
Q
phosphotidylinositol
A
- minor components of cell membrane but major part in cell signalling + membrane trafficking
- internal signals/2nd messengers
7
Q
cardiolipin
A
- inner membrane of mitochondria - maintains structure and function of respiratory complexes in ETC
- apoptosis
- antigenic
8
Q
which fatty acid has 16c
A
palmitic acid
8
Q
lysophospholipids
A
- metabolism and interconversion of phospholipids
- found in oxidised lipoproteins
- has effects in promoting atherosclerosis
9
Q
which fatty acid has 18c
A
stearic acid
10
Q
saturated FA and its suffix
A
do not contain double bonds
- anoic suffix
11
Q
unsaturated fa and its suffix
A
contain carbon to carbon multiple bonds
- enoic suffix
12
Q
what is the omega carbon
A
- termminal carbon containing methyl grp
13
Q
fa acid classification based on chain length
A
- less than 6 carbons: short chain
- 8-14 carbon atoms: medium chain
- 16-24 carbon atoms: long chain
14
Q
how are fa written in shorthand
A
- 1st number no of carbons
- 2nd shows no of double bonds
- 3rd shows position of double bonds
15
Q
omega 3 fatty acids
A
- double bond position at carbon 3 from the omega end
- linolenic acid
- alpha linolenic acid
16
Q
omega 6 fatty acids
A
- double bond position at carbon 6 from omega end
- linoleic acid
- arachidonic acid
17
Q
omega 9 fatty acids
A
oleic acid
18
Q
trans fatty acids effect on metabolism
A
- increase LDL
- decrease HDL
