CV-B-005: Eicosanoids + CVB6+7 Flashcards
1
Q
eicosanoids definition
A
- family of closely related derivatives of hypothetical C20 molecule named prostanoic acid
2
Q
Types of eicosanoids
A
- prostaglandin
- leukotrienes
- thromboxane
- prostacyclin
3
Q
biological functions of prostaglandins
A
- mediate inflammation, pain and fever
- regulate blood flow - clot formation
- modulate hormone prod and immune resp
4
Q
Biomedical implications of prostaglandin
A
- inflammatory disorders (arthritis, colitis)
- CV health (BP reg)
- pain management
5
Q
Therapeutic role of prostaglandins
A
- NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen) for pain and inflammation
- prostaglandin analogs ( e.g. misoprostol) to prevent gastric ulcers
6
Q
Leukotrines biomedical function
A
- enhance inflammation and immune resp
- promote bronchoconstriction in asthma
- play a role in allergic reactions
7
Q
Leukotrienes biomedical implications
A
- asthma and allergic diseases
- inflammatory disorders (eg psoriasis)
- immune regulation
8
Q
Therapeutic tole of leukotrienes
A
- leukotriene receptor antagonists (eg montelukast) for asthma and allergies
- 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors (eg zileuton) for asthma therapy
9
Q
thromboxane biological functions
A
- promote platelet aggregation and blood clotting
- regulate blood vessel constriction and BP
10
Q
thromboxane biomedical implications
A
- thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases
- hypertension and vasoconstriction
- stroke prevention
11
Q
thromboxane therapeutic role
A
- antiplatelet drugs (eg aspirim, clopidogrel) for preventing clot formatiom
- thromboxane receptor antagonists (eg seratodast) in certain cardiovascular conditions
12
Q
prostacyclin biomedical functions
A
- vasodilation: it widens blood vessels, lowering BP
- inhibition of platelet aggregation: prevents blood clots by stopping platelets from clumping
13
Q
prostacyclin biomedical implications
A
- low prostacyclin levels linked to HTN, atherosclerosis and heart attacks
14
Q
prostacyclin therapeutic role
A
anti thrombotic therapy:
- prostacyclin analogs prevent blood clots, reducing risk of heart attack and strokes
15
Q
role of TXA2
A
promotes thrombus formation
16
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
- chronic condition: build up of lipids cholesterol and cellular waste in arterial walls cause plaque build up
17
Q
effects of atherosclerosis
A
- narrowing and hardening of arteries, reduced blood flow
- angina, heart attack, stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD)
18
Q
What increases risk of atherosclerosis
A
- elevated LDL due to lifestyle diet or genetic factors
19
Q
LDL oxidation
A
- oxidative modification of LDL in arterial walls
- oxidises LDL more atherogenic
- readily taken up by macrophages to form foam cells - key contirbuters to plaque development
