Phosphate Flashcards
Phosphate levels and what regulates it?
2.5 -4.5
Regulated by Parathyroid Hormone.
PTH increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and bone resorption (release of calcium from bone), while it also promotes phosphorus excretion.
What is phosphate important for?
Muscle function
RBC
ATP formation
Bone health (found 85% in bones, provides structural support)
Hypophosphatemia causes:
Hyperparathyroidism = ↑Ca = ↓P
DKA
↓ P intake
Alcohol withdrawal
Fluid loss (vomit, burn, diarrhea)
↑Diuretic intake
↑ Calcium
Hypophosphatemia symptoms:
A- arrhythmia
L- Loss appetite
O- osteoporosis
W- Weakness/fatigue
Confusion/Irritability
Bone pain
Hypophosphatemia interventions:
-↑ P foods
- IV or oral Supplements (neutra-phos)
- Monitor serum P, signs of confusion, neuromuscular status
- ↓ diuretic use
Hypophosphatemia diet:
Dairy
Nuts
Meat
Whole grains
Phosphate has an inverse relationship with:
-Calcium, When calcium levels are high, phosphorus levels tend to be low, and vice versa.
-Magnesium maintains Ca and P balance, Magnesium deficiency can disrupt the balance between calcium and phosphorus
Hyperphosphatemia causes:
Kidney Failure
↑ Intake
Hypoparathyroidism = ↓ Ca = ↑P
↑ Edema/laxative use
Hyperphosphatemia symptoms:
M-uscle spasm/tetany
A-arrhythmia/tachy
D-ry nails/skin
S-eizure
Calcification in tissue
Hyperphosphatemia interventions:
↓ food intake
Phosphate binders (sevelamer)
Dialysis
Monitor Ca and P levels
