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English 379 & 479 > Phonics & Spelling instruction > Flashcards

Phonics & Spelling instruction Flashcards

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1
Q

Phonics instruction

A

The teaching of the relationship between sounds/phonemes and letters

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2
Q

Successful readers in the FP are…

A
  • phonologically aware
  • phonemically aware
  • aware of & understand the alphabetic principle
  • knowledgeable about phonics & can use sounds to create words
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3
Q

Phonological awareness

A

An umbrella term which refers to an awareness of sounds and is comprised of many components including the understanding of onset-rime, syllables, phonemic awareness and word awareness.

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4
Q

Phonemic awareness

A

The ability to identify sounds in isolation and to manipulate them.

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5
Q

Why is phonics instruction important for reading instruction?

A
  • phonic instruction leads to word knowledge
  • phonics helps learners identify patterns of letters & sounds
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6
Q

Name the 2 approaches to phonics instruction

A
  • analytical approach
  • synthetic approach
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7
Q

What is necessary before learners are exposed to phonics?

A
  • language acquisition
  • phonological awareness
  • text knowledge & narrative skills
  • letter name knowledge
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8
Q

What comprises an analytical approach to phonics?

A
  • readers compare words to identify differences & patters and use this knowledge with new words
  • phonemes are learned as part of whole words not as individual sounds
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9
Q

What comprises a synthetic approach to phonics?

A
  • readers encode sounds to form words
  • phonemes & graphemes are taught explicitly
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10
Q

What is the problem with an analytical approach to phonics?

A
  • easy for learners to get away with guessing words without knowing phonemes
  • too little structure
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11
Q

Problems with the synthetic approach to phonics

A
  • often undifferentiated when used for whole class
  • phonemes used in decontextualized ways
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12
Q

Name the phases of spelling development

A
  1. Precommunicative phase
  2. Semi-phonetic phase
  3. Phonetic phase
  4. Conventional phase
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13
Q

What are the skills included in phonological awareness?

A
  • rhyme
  • alliteration
  • discrimination
  • syllable division
  • segmentation
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14
Q

What are the advantages of a synthetic approach to phonics?

A
  • structured approach
  • helps learners blend to form new words
  • research shows it to be highly effective
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15
Q

What is the purpose of spelling instruction?

A

To enable learners to represent language in writing correctly

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16
Q

Most phonic programmes are….

A

a combination of synthetic and analytic

17
Q

What is the first step towards phonics instruction?

A

Knowing the letter names

18
Q

To be successful, phonics instruction must be…

A

Explicit and systematic

19
Q

Pragmatics

A

The ability to use language appropriately in contexts

20
Q

Name the three layers of English Orthography

A
  1. The Alphabetic layer
  2. The Pattern layer
  3. The Meaning/Morphological layer
21
Q

What is involved in the Alphabetic layer of language?

A

Learning of letter-sound correspondences

22
Q

What is involved in the pattern layer of language?

A

Consonant-vowel patterns are examined

23
Q

What is involved in the Meaning layer of language?

A
  • New vocabulary is learned
  • Generalisations are made about the meaning structures of affixes
24
Q

How many phonemes exist in English?

A

44

25
Q

In what way can phonics instruction be considered multisensory?

A
  • tapping syllables/sounds
  • tracing letters
  • rhymes and songs
  • articulation of pronouncing sounds
26
Q

List the components of a phonics lesson

A
  1. Goal statement & review of old concept
  2. Explicit instruction for new skill
  3. Practice new words by reading and writing
  4. Exploring vocabulary meanings
  5. Practice new concepts through text reading
27
Q

What does it mean for phonics instruction to be explicit & systematic?

A

Instruction is carefully planned and concepts clearly defined.

Skills are taught in a sequence of increasing difficulty and responsibility is gradually released to learners.

English 379 & 479 (7 decks)

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