Phonetics, Phonology And Prosodics

Question 1

phonology

Answer 1

the area of study that refers to the more abstract sound system

Question 2

phonetics

Answer 2

the area of study that is concerned with investigating how sounds are actually produced by language users.

Question 3

prosodics

Answer 3

the study of how speakers can shape meanings through emphasising certain aspects of intonation, speed and volume

Question 4

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

Answer 4

a system for showing the different sounds possible

Question 5

heterophones

Answer 5

words that have the same spelling but very different pronunciation and meanings

Question 6

homophones

Answer 6

words that are pronounced the same but have a different meaning and may have different spellings e.g. there and their

Question 7

articulators

Answer 7

the vocal organs above the larynx, including the lips, teeth, tongue and hard palate that help to form consonant sounds

Question 8

plosives

Answer 8

a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together to stop the airflow and then being released.

Question 9

fricatives

Answer 9

a consonant group produced by the articulators positioned together but a small gap remaining through which the sound comes

Question 10

affricate

Answer 10

a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together, then released but in a way that is similar to the friction sound of a fricative

Question 11

nasal

Answer 11

a consonant group produced by articulators coming together and air being released over the sides of the tongue

Question 12

approximant

Answer 12

a consonant group produced in a similar way to other consonant sounds but without the articulators fully coming together

Question 13

consonant

Answer 13

The consonants include B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z. from our mouths through the obstruction of breath. For example, T is pronounced using the front part of the tongue.

Question 14

consonant group

Answer 14

a group of consonants with no vowels between them.

Question 15

dipthong

Answer 15

a vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker moves from one to another

Question 16

sound iconicity

Answer 16

the matching of sound to an aspect of meaning

Question 17

consonance

Answer 17

a pattern of repeated consonant sounds for effect

Question 18

assonance

Answer 18

Assonance is the repetition of the vowel sound across words within the lines of the poem creating internal rhymes.

Examples of assonance across words include: crying time; hop-scotch; great flakes; between trees; and, the kind knight rides by.

Question 19

sibilance

Answer 19

a type of literary device and figure of speech wherein a hissing sound is created in a group of words through the repetition of ‘s’ sounds

Question 20

lexical onomatopoeia

Answer 20

words that are known in language system and can be found in dictionaries, words such as crack, crashes,

Question 21

non-lexical onomatopoeia

Answer 21

a group of sounds that echoes the world in a more unmediated way, without intercession of linguistic structures,

such as marked hitting scenes are represented as kroww and kromp, both of which can’t be found anywhere dictionaries but they have sound symbolism

Question 22

phonological manipulation

Answer 22

changing individual phonemes (sounds) in a word.

An example would be if a student was asked to changed the /s/ in “sat” to /b/ –> and voila, we get “bat!”

Question 23

minimal pair

Answer 23

words that are very similar and only vary by a single sound.

For example, when we say the words seat and sheet out loud, we are making very similar sounds, the only difference is the /s/ and /sh/ sounds at the beginning of words.