Phonetics Chapter 2

Question 1

phonetics

Answer 1

the study of the minimal units that make up language, it is not actually limited to spoken modalities.

Question 2

articulatory phonetics

Answer 2

the study of the production of speech sounds

Question 3

acoustics phonetics

Answer 3

the study of the transmission and the physical properties of speech sounds.

Question 4

auditory phonetics

Answer 4

the study of the perception of speech sounds.

Question 5

x-ray photography

Answer 5

x-rays used in conjunction with sound film. the use of this technique can reveal the details of the functioning of the vocal apparatus. the entirety of how a sound is produced is revealed and can be seen as it actually happens.

Question 6

palatography

Answer 6

to observe contact between the tongue and the roof of the mouth, and instruments to measure airflow and air pressure during speech.

Question 7

sound spectrograph

Answer 7

pictures that help explore the physical properties of sounds.

Question 8

impressionistic phonetic transcript

Answer 8

a method of writing down speech sounds in order to capture what is said and how it is pronounced.
EXAMPLE: “you say tomato, i say tomahto”

Question 9

co-articulation

Answer 9

the influence of one sound on a neighboring sound

Question 10

segments

Answer 10

are the discrete units of the speech stream and can be further subdivided into the categories consonants and vowels

Question 11

suprasegmentals

Answer 11

“ride on top of” segments in that they often apply to entire strings of consonants and vowels these are properties such as stress, tone, and info.

Question 12

monophthongs

Answer 12

simple vowels composed of a sequence of two different configuration of the vocal tract

Question 13

diphthongs

Answer 13

complex vowels composed of a sequence of two different configurations, “single vowels”

Question 14

articulatory gesture

Answer 14

is the motion or positioning of some part of the vocal tract with respect to some other part of the vocal tract in the production of a speech sound.

Question 15

fricatives

Answer 15

made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the vocal tract.

Question 16

affricates

Answer 16

complex sounds made by briefly stopping the airstream completely and then releasing the articulators slightly so that friction noise is produced.

Question 17

bilabial

Answer 17

consonants are made by bringing both lips to close together. [p] pat, [b], bat, [m] mat

Question 18

labiodental

Answer 18

consonants are made with the lower lip against the upper front teeth. [f] fat, and [v] vat

Question 19

interdentals

Answer 19

are made with the tip of the tongue protruding between the front teeth. there are two interdental sounds in most varieties of English.

Question 20

alveolar

Answer 20

sounds are made with the tongue tip at or near the front of the upper alveolar ridge.