Phlebotomy review questions Flashcards
The forearm vein most commonly used for venipuncture is the
Median cubital
The smallest veins in the human body are known as
Venules
The aorta branches into smaller divisions called arteries, which in turn branch into even smaller divisions called
Arterioles
Characteristics of capillaries include:
having thin-walls
forming microscopic pathways
connecting arterioles with venules
Within the capillaries, blood cell functions include:
releasing oxygen
binding carbon dioxide
eliminating waste
The heart, lymphatic organs, and blood vessels are in which system
cardiovascular
The suffix -uria at the end of a medical term refers what body location?
urine
The study of blood is known as
hematology
The liver, stomach, mouth and pancreas are in which system
digestive
The most important step to ensure accuracy in sample collection is
identifying the patient properly
The bladder, urethra, kidneys, and ureters are in which system
urinary
The trachea, nose, lungs and pharynx are in which system
respiratory
The sebaceous glands, skin hair and nails are in which system
integumentary
The body system that is a primary regulator of hormones is which system
endocrine
Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes are types of
white blood cells
The common name for the thrombocyte is the
platelet
The liquid portion of an anticoagulated blood sample is known as
plasma
The instrument that measures blood pressure is called
sphyngmomanometer
An artery can be distinguished from a vein because an artery will be
pulsating
Lancets are used to collect blood samples by
capillary or skin puncture
The abbreviation VAD is commonly used in hospitals to refer to
venous access devices
To determine the size of the needle, remember that the higher the gauge
the smaller the needle bore
A centrifuge is used in a a clinical laboratory setting to
separate liquid from cells in blood
The oral glucose tolerance test is used for detection of
diabetes
Which evacuated tube is used for collection of blood for a CBC tet
lavender top
Which evacuated tube is used for collection of blood for electrolyte testing
Red top
Adult capillary punctures most often involve the use of which fingers
second and third (index and middle)
Which evacuated tube is used for collection of blood for cholesterol testing
Red top
Sodium citrate is an anticoagulant of choice for coagulation studies because it protects
clotting factors
When preparing a blood smear directly from a skin puncture it is best to
wipe away the first drop of blood
What is the order of draw recommended by the CLSI for these tubes
gray (glycolytic inhibitor)
blue (coagulation tube)
red (serum tube w or w/o clot activator gel)
blood culture tube
green (heparin tube
lavender (EDTA)
- blood culture tube
- blue
- red
- green
- lavender
- gray
Put these 10 selected phlebotomy steps in the correct order Greet and identify the patient Insert the needle Cleanse the venipuncture site Explain the procedure to the patient Anchor the vein Collect blood in vaccum tubes Label tubs Dispose of needle Remove tourniquet Assemble equipment
- Greet and identify the patient
- Explain the procedure to the patient
- Assemble equipment
- Cleanse the venipuncture site
- Anchor the vein
- Insert the needle
- Collect blood in vacuum tubes
- Remove tourniquet
- Dispose of needle
- Label tubes
The purpose of doing blood cultures is to detect
septicemia
Anticoagulants are used to
prevent blood from clotting
White blood cells help the body by
defending against foreign invaders
Platelets help the circulation by
participating in hemostasis
When blood seeps into the surrounding tissue during a venipuncture what may form
hematoma
In a patient with a clotting disorder, pressure should be applied to the puncture site for at least _____after venipuncture to insure blood stoppage
5 minutes
Skin punctures may be indicated for use when
the patient is an infant, toddler or prescholer
only a small amount of blood is needed
patient veins need to be preserved for IV therapy
All specimens should be labeled with
patient’s name (and numeric ID) or DOB
date and time the specimen was drawn
collector’s initials
When performing a skin puncture, squeezing the finger too tightly may dilute the blood with ___ and ruin the test
tissue fluid
One test used to assess hemostasis before surgery is
bleeding time
One possible cause of unexpected clotting in an anticoagulated blood tube might be
insufficient mixing
When performing a venipuncture, position the bevel of the needle
facing up
If blood does not appear in an evacuated tube upon venipunture, a phlebotomist’s first course of action should be to
slightly reposition the needle
Redirecting a needle during venipuncture is sometimes necessary when
the vein was not properly anchored
the patient moves unexpectedly
blood flow starts, and then stops
A vein might be prone to collapse if
vacuum tube is too large for the vein
syringe plunger was pulled back too quickly
Hemolysis would cause rejection of a sample collected for______ testing
potassium
If a patient is prone to syncope during venipuncture, the phlebotomist should
watch in case of fainting
A tube of blood that arrives in the laboratory without a label must be
rejected automatically
If a blood sample should be collected 2 hrs post-prandial, the phlebotomist should collect the sample _______
2 hours after a meal
Knowing when to collect peak and through levels is important when drawing _________
therapeutic drugs
A pre-warming technique may be used to
increase patient’s tendency to bleed
The role of all anticoagulants is ultimately to prevent formation of
fibrin
The anticoagulant EDTA works by
binding calcium
If the tourniquet is not released before the needle is withdrawn from the arm during venipuncture, this will most likely result in
bleeding from the site
Which test is light sensitive
bilirubin
The ______ must be followed exactly whenever drawing patient test samples that may be used in a legal proceeding
chain of custody
The anticoagulant SPS (sodium polyanetholesulfonate) is recommended for use in blood cultures becuase it
does not inhibit bacterial growth
Before entering an inpatient room if the door is closed, the phlebotomist should always
knock
ask for permission to enter
check for isolation signage
Before entering designated isolation rooms, phlebotomists should always
check requirements on signs
The single most important means of preventing the spread of infection in a hospital is by
hand washing
The most prevalent type of nosocomial infections are those of the
urinary tract
Phlebotomsits have a statistically greater chance of contracting _________ in a work-related incident than they do of contracting AIDS
hepatitis B
AIDS is caused by
HIV virus
When performing heelsticks on infants in a hospital nursery, it is important never to
share supplies from one infant to another
When delivering blood samples to a laboratory, they should always be transported ________
inside sealed plastic bags
If a biohazard spills in the laboratory, a phlebotomist shuld first try to _____
contain the spill safely
According to OSHA, a contaminated needle may be safely discarded into a _____
sharps container
In most hospitals, a phlebotomist with a cough may draw blood from a patient provided the __________
patient is not in reverse isolation
phlebotomist wears a mask
phlebotomist does not have a fever
When drawing blood from pediatric inpatients, a phlebotomist can increase safety for the patients by ___
getting help to hold the patient securely during the draw
using a smaller bore needle and smaller collection tubes
making sure the bedrails are left raised if found that way
To eliminate bacteria from the skin of a bacterial culture venipuncture site, __________ is sometimes used in addition to alcohol in the skin cleansing process
iodine
The term that refers to right and wrong conduct is
ethics
An unlawful threat or attempt to do bodily injury to another is _________
assault
Law protects the health worker if it can be determined that he or she acted reasonably as compared with fellow workers; this is called _______
reasonable care
Negligence by a professional person is called ____
malpractice
The ability to see things from another person’s point of view is ___________
empathy
A violation of a person’s right not to have his or her name, photograph, or private affairs made public without giving consent is ________
invasion of privacy
Information given by a patient to medical personnel that cannot be disclosed without consent constitutes _______
privileged communication
Failure to do something a reasonable person would do under ordinary circumstances, or doing something a reasonable person would not do under circumstances thereby causing harm to another person is called
negligence
Permission granted by a person voluntarily (and in his right mind) is _______
consent
A phlebotomist who attempts to draw blood without sufficient training could be accused of _________ if the procedure is performed incorrectly, causing harm to the patient.
incompetence
Forcing venipuncture on a patient who has refused it would be considered ____
battery
The branch of study of moral issues, questions, and problems arising in the practice of medicine and biomedical research is called
bioethics
Conduct, courtesy, and manners, customary in the medical profession, is called _________
medical etiquette
Each and every patient is entitled to _________ as a part of his/her patient rights
respect and complete care
Some suggested methods for controlling on the job stress during phlebotomy might include ____
taking keep breaths if anxious
An appropriate means of communicating with a patient who is profoundly hearing imparied might include ____
using written communication
In performing phlebotomy on children, it is best to ______
talk softly and gently
enlist the help of parents
tell the truth if asked
In approaching an elderly patient, it is appropriate to call the patient by name using__
Miss, Mrs., or Mr.
A patient who is making a fist and frowning is exhibiting ______ body language.
uncooperative
A rubber or plastic tube used to drain or inject fluid through a body opening is called ________
catheter
A 24 hour urine specimen must be kept _____
refrigerated
A chronic disease in which the pancreas fails to secrete enough insulin is called ______
diabetes mellitus
The purpose of the bleeding time test is to assess ______
platelet plug formation in the capillaries
Diurnal rhythms refer to variations in the body’s functions or fluids that occur during __________
every 24 hrs
EMLA is an emulsion of lidocaine and prilocaine that can be used to ________
topically anesthetize a draw site
Another name for red blood cell is
erythrocyte
The artery located in the groin, lateral to the femur bone, which is used as an alternative site for arterial blood gas collections is the
femoral
The federal law that was expanded in 2000 to protect the confidentiality of electronically stored health information is abbreviated as
HIPAA
The study of all aspects of disease in the body is known as
pathology
The phrase of laboratory testing that refers to test orders, test collection and test sample preparation are all parts of the _________phase
pre-analytical
A patient in reverse isolation has been so placed because she/he __________
needs protection from others carrying infection
Anticoagulant in lavender top tubes
EDTA
anticoagulant in blue top tubes
NaCitrate
ABG
arterial blood gases
FUO
fever of unknown origin
STD
sexually transmitted diseases
H&H
hemoglobin and hematocrit
CBC
complete blood count
Tube used for electrolytes
red top or speckled tube
QC
quality control
CDC
center for disease control
______are contaminated objects that can penetrate the skin including, but not limited to needles, scalples, broken glass, broken capillary tubes, and exposed ends of dental wires.
contaminated sharps
Reasonable possibility of skin, eye, mucous membranes, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the perfomance of an employee’s regular duties is termed _____
occupational exposure
All of the following are examples of "Personal Protective Equipment" except: uniforms gloves aprons masks
uniforms
To use a physical-chemical procedure to destroy all microbial life including highly resistant bacterial endospores is to _______
sterilize
________is the single most important source of HIV and HBV in the workplace.
blood
OSHA requires that training and educational information on bloodborne pathogens be provided to hospital or clinical employees _________
at no cost to them
All workers whose jobs involve participation in tasks or activities with exposure to blood or other body fluids, to which universal precautions apply, should be vaccinated with a __________ vaccine.
Hepatitis B
After they are used, disposable syringes and needles, scalpel blades and other sharp items, should be placed in _______ containers for disposal
puncture-resistant
Broken glassware that may be contaminated should be picked up by
mechanical means (broom/dustpan)
Contaminated laundry should be __________ where it was soiled
bagged or containerized at the location
A specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employees duties is called
exposure incident
In the health care field when all evacuated services and the results compare with accepted standards, principles of ________ have been used
quality assurance
The federal government requires that specimens are transported or shipped in
watertight containers
The classification the physician’s office laboratory (POL) falls into will be determined by ________
complexity of laboratory tests performed
Tests that basically pose insignificant risks to patients if errors occur in the test performance are caled
waived tests
When you send blood tubes by mail for analysis in a watertight container, they should be enclosed in ________
second durable watertight container
When you send specimens in the mail, the label should state __________
biohazardous materials
in case of breakage, send to CDC
address of lab
