Phlebotomy Final Flashcards
Create flash cards for the Phlebotomy final exam
Define “Quality Control”
QC is a system of tasks that are performed to monitor processes in our lab for quality all the time.
Define “Quality Assurance”
QA is a process of establishing ongoing policies, protocols and procedures to ensure that samples are collected and handled correctly all the time.
What is the difference between plasma and serum?
Plasma is the liquid portion of Whole Blood. Serum is basically just plasma without the clotting
factors.
What is the medical term for a Red Blood Cell?
Erythrocyte
What does the acronym CLSI stand for?
Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute
Who requires that laboratories have current procedural manuals that are reviewed annually?
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations. JCAHO, Joint Commission.
When a lavender tube is spun, what is the liquid that remains?
Plasma
These bottles contain special resins inside that serve to inactivate antibiotic action, allowing the microorganism to grow if present.
Antimicrobial Removal Device, ARD
The doctor has ordered a Bilirubin sample, how should the sample be prepared?
If the bilirubin sample is exposed to light, the bilirubin level will decrease, so the tubes must be protected from light.
What does the acronym PHI stand for?
Private Health Information
Drug levels may be ordered at what point of concentration in the blood?
Peak Level
On the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) warning label, what do the four colors represent?
Blue Health Hazard
Red Fire Hazard
Yellow Reactivity Hazard
White Specific Hazard
The doctor orders a CBC. What sample is needed? What tube would be used for the draw?
The plasma would be needed from a Lavender tube once it’s been spun.
What are the preferred sites for venipuncture, in order of preference?
Median Cubital
Cephalic
Basilic
This blood contains liquid and cell components.
Whole Blood
What are the clotting factors?
1)Fibrinogen 2)Prothrombin 3)Tissue factor, thromboplastin 4)Calcium 5)Labile factor,; proaccelerin 6)Serum Prothrombin conversion activator, proconvertin 7)Anti hemophilic factor 8)Plasma Thromboplastin component 9) Stewart-Prower Factor 10) Plasma Thrombplastin Antecedent 11)Hageman factor 12)Fibrin Stabilizing Factor. Platelet Factor-Cephalin
This blood sample is cloudy or milky in appearance.
A Lipemic sample. High Lipids
What is the medical term for fainting?
Syncope.
How do we know that the Microtainer or Micro tubes aren’t vacuum sealed?
The top cap is removable.
What is the maximum depth for a heel stick on an
infant?
2.0 mm or less.
How is the venipuncture site cleaned?
Scrub the site using an alcohol wipe for 20 seconds using an up and down motion
CLIA waived tests = POCT. Where are these tests performed?
At the patient’s bedside.
What can affect a Potassium (K+) test?
Hemolysis
What is it called when a person threatens to do bodily harm to someone else?
Assault
The doctor orders an ammonia test. How should the sample be handled?
It needs to be put on ice and immediately delivered to the lab marked “STAT”.
How should a blood spill be cleaned?
Using a 90% water to 10% chlorine bleach solution, or a Spill Kit.
In what part of the body is blood produced?
RBCs are produce in the bone marrow. WBCs are produced in the Yellow bone marrow.
What additive is in the Green tube?
Heparin
What is the new formation of new blood cells called?
Hematopoiesis
What system is used to prevent the spread of infection?
Isolation system.
In microsampling, which finger(s) are used in a capillary puncture?
The middle and ring fingers would be used. The puncture would be performed on the pinky side of those fingers.
Where would a blood draw be performed at the site of an IV?
Below the IV or on the other arm.
What does the color cap on a tube indicate?
The additive in the tube.
Once a blood draw has been performed, when are the tube(s) inverted?
Immediately.
What organization oversees laboratories?
JCHAO. The Joint Commission.
What is the life span of a red blood cell?
120 days.
What does the acronym FBS stand for?
Fasting Blood Sugar
Why is the PKU test performed?
To discover if inborn errors of metabolism exist.
What does the acronym FUO stand for?
Fever of unknown origin.
What 5 things are written on tube?
1) Name of patient 2)Date of draw 3)Time of draw
4) Pt date of birth 5)CPT1 initials
What can cause hemolysis?
Trauma, moving the needle, alcohol, a small needle
What studies are performed in the Light Blue tube?
PT for Coumadin and (A)PTT for Heparin
A lipid panel goes to which department in the lab?
Chemistry
What is the most common occurrence after a blood draw has been performed?
Hematoma
Which person has the highest level of education in the lab?
The Pathologist
What is the blood volume of an infant weighing 3.3 kg at birth?
240 to 330 ml, ml=cc
In a blood draw, why do we avoid the arm on the same side as a mastectomy?
Lymph nodes have been removed in the arm on the side of a mastectomy and a blood draw could cause an serious infection.
What is the medical term for a fluid build up in the arms or legs?
Edema
What is the amount of blood drawn for a donation?
450 ml or 1 pint
Is logging refrigerator and freezer temperatures a Quality Control or Quality Assurance?
Quality Control
The doctor has ordered a PT or PTT test. What is the question you would ask the patient?
When did you last take your medication?
What is the reason you would centrifuge an anticoagulant tube?
In order to get plasma.
What is the angle of draw for an evacuated tube?
15 to 30 degrees
Name three types of isolation.
Airborne
Contact
Droplets
How is the N95 mask worn?
It should fit tight and securely over the face.
Define Septicemia.
Poisoning of the blood caused by bacteria or other
toxins.
The doctor has ordered 4 blood culture draws. How many tubes will be drawn for the tests?
8
Which bottle is drawn first in a blood culture study?
The aerobic bottle.
Which tubes give you whole blood?
Red, Gold and Tiger tops.
The PKU (Guthrie Card) test dries after what period of time?
3 hours.
Which tube has trace elements?
Royal Blue. 1st in the order of draw. Use a Red “discard” tube after the Royal Blue tube in order to clean the sheathed needle.
What is the maximum amount of blood drawn for a donation?
450 ml. ml =cc
When a whole blood tube is spun, what are the layers?
Top layer is the plasma
Middle layer is the Buffy Coat
Bottom layer is Red Blood Cells
The #1 way to prevent the spread of infections is?
Handwashing.
