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Phlebotomy > Phlebotomy > Flashcards

Phlebotomy Flashcards

1
Q

Airborn Transmission:

A

Infectious agent is carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air.

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2
Q

Airborne Dust:

A

Material settled on surfaces and become resuspended by air currents.

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3
Q

Droplet Nuclei:

A

Less than 5 microns in size, may remain suspended for long periods of time and be blown over great distances.

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4
Q

Vehicles:

A

May indirectly transmit infectious agent; food, water, biologic products, and fomites.

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5
Q

Basophils:

A

Releases heparin and histamine.
Heparin inhibits coagulation making it possible for the other WBCs to flow.
Histamine causes vasodilation for increased blood flow to the area.

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6
Q

Eosinophils:

A

In response to parasitic infection. Also seen in response to allergic reactions.

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7
Q

Phagocyte:

A

Capable of absorbing bacteria.

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8
Q

Neutrophils:

A

Protects against bacteria and fungi.

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9
Q

Monocytes:

A

Performs the function of phagocytes. Help recognize pathogens.

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10
Q

Lymphocytes:

T Cells:

A

Release phagocytes and proteins.

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11
Q

Lymphocytes:

B Cells:

A

Produce antibodies.

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12
Q

Lymphocytes:

Natural Killer Cells:

A

Responce to cytokines.

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13
Q

Basophil %:

A

.5 - 1%

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14
Q

Eosinophil %:

A

2 - 4%

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15
Q

Neutrophil %:

A

40 - 60%

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16
Q

Monocyte %:

A

2 - 8%

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17
Q

Lymphocyte %:

A

20 - 30%

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18
Q

Phagocytosis:

A

Process where an antigen is engulfed, digested, and disintegrated by a phagocytic cell.

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19
Q

Platelets:

A

Clot blood. Present in fragments. AKA: Thrombocytes.

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20
Q

Hemostasis:

A

Stoppage of bleeding.

1: vasoconstriction
2: platelet plug formation
3: coagulation

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21
Q

Erythocytes:

A

Red Blood Cells.

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22
Q

Thrombocytes:

A

Platelets.

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23
Q

Leukocytes:

A

White Blood Cells.

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24
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Heme: Iron
Globin: Protein
Can hold up to 4 oxygen molecules.

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25
Q

Deoxyhemoglobin:

A

Better compatible with carbon dioxide.

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26
Q

Oxyhemoglobin:

A

Better compatible with oxygen.

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27
Q

Normal RBC in Women:

A

4.2 - 5.4 million cells/microliter.

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28
Q

Normal RBC in Men:

A

4.7 - 6.1 million cells/microliter.

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29
Q

Average life span of RBC:

A

120 days.

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30
Q

Antibody:

A

Produced in the body in response to an invading micro-organism.
Immunoglobulins.

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31
Q

Antigens:

A

Activate the immune response which leads to the production of antibodies.

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32
Q

Blood Groups:

A

ABO & Rhesus.

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33
Q

O can donate to:

A

A, B, AB

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34
Q

A can donate to:

A

AB

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35
Q

B can donate to:

A

AB

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36
Q

+:

A

Rh antigen is present.

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37
Q

-:

A

Rh antigen is absent.

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38
Q

Arterial System:

A
  1. Aorta
  2. Arteries
  3. Arterioles
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39
Q

Three Layers of Arteries:

A
  1. Tunica Intima
  2. Tunica Media
  3. Tunica Adventitia
40
Q

Function of Arterial System:

A

Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.

41
Q

Capillary function:

A

Provides oxygenated blood and nutrients to the organs while also collecting deoxygenated blood and waste from the organs.

42
Q

Vasodilation:

A

Increase in diameter of the blood vessels.

43
Q

Vasoconstriction:

A

Decrease in diameter of the blood vessels.

44
Q

Venous System:

A
  1. Venule
  2. Vein
  3. Vena Cava
    (superior & inferior)
45
Q

Structure of Vessels:

A
  1. Tunica Adventitia
  2. Tunica Media
  3. Tunica Intima
46
Q

Structure of Capillary:

A

Single layer of Endothelial Cells.

47
Q

Function of Venous System:

A

Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.

48
Q

Dorsal Metacarpal Vein:

A

Back of hand.

49
Q

Cephalic Vein:

A

Farthest from body on inside of elbow.

50
Q

Basilic Vein:

A

Closest to body on inside of elbow.

51
Q

Median Cubital Vein:

A

Between Basilic and Cephalic veins.

52
Q

Skin - Outtermost:

A

Epidermis.

53
Q

Skin - Middle:

A

Demis.

54
Q

Skin - Innermost:

A

Subvuteaneous/Hypodermis.

55
Q

Integumentary System:

A

Skin, sweat and oil glands, nails, and hair.

56
Q

Adipocytes:

A

Cells that store fat.

57
Q

Dermis includes:

A

Upper Papillary

Lower Reticular

58
Q

Epidermis consists of:

A
  1. Stratum Corneum
  2. Stratum Licidum
  3. Stratum Granulosum
  4. Stratum Spinosum
  5. Stratum Basale
59
Q

❤️ - Right Atrium:

A

Recievew deoxygenated blood from superior and inferior vena cava.

60
Q

❤️ - Right Ventricle

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium via the tricuspid valve and pumps out of the heart via the pulmonary artery to lungs.

61
Q

❤️ - Left Atrium:

A

Receives oxygenated blood from lungs via the pulmonary vein.

62
Q

❤️ - Left Ventricle:

A

Receives oxygenated blood from left atrium via the bicuspid valve and pumos out of the heart to the rest of the body via the aorta.

63
Q

Pulmonary System:

A

AKA: Respiratory System.

64
Q

Upper Respiratory:

A

Nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx.

65
Q

Lower Respiratory:

A

Trachea, lungs(bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli)

66
Q

Upper limb anatomy:

A

shoulder joint, humerus, elbow joint, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges.

67
Q

Lower Limb Anatomy:

A

Hip joint, femur, knee joint, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.

68
Q

Nervous System:

A

Central: Brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral: motor and sensory neurons.

69
Q

Spinal Cord:

A

Carry and transfer signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

70
Q

Brain:

A

In the skull, continues as the spinal cord in the vertebral canal.

71
Q

Motor Neurons:

A

Somatic and Autonomic.

72
Q

Somatic:

A

Voluntary movements.

73
Q

Autonomic:

A

Involuntary movement.

74
Q

Sensory:

A

Brings information back to the CNS from the stimulus receiving receptor.

75
Q

Kidneys:

A

2 in number, all major processes of the urinary system.

76
Q

Ureters:

A

Tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder.

77
Q

Urinary Bladder:

A

Holds urine until it is expelled out.

78
Q

Urethra:

A

Where urine is expelled out.

79
Q

Micturition:

A

Voiding the urine.

80
Q

Digestive System:

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas.

81
Q

Peristalsis:

A

Passage of food through the esophagus.

82
Q

Chyme:

A

Chewed food.

83
Q

Liver:

A

Produces biles, which breaks down fat. Metabolism, detoxification, storage, and immunity.

84
Q

Gallbladder:

A

Releases bile into small intestine.

85
Q

Pancreas:

A

Both endocrine and exocrine gland. Produces insulin when blood sugar is high. Produces glucagon when blood sugar is low.

86
Q

Endocrine System:

A

Pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal, testes, and ovaries.

87
Q

Sagittal/Median Plane:

A

Left and right of body.

88
Q

Dorsal/Posterior:

A

Back of body.

89
Q

Coronal/Frontal Plane:

A

Front and back of body.

90
Q

Transverse/Horizontal Plane:

A

Upper and lower parts if body.

91
Q

Superior:

A

On top.

92
Q

Inferior:

A

Lower.

93
Q

Ventral/Anterior:

A

Front of body.

94
Q

Distal:

A

Away from point of reference.

95
Q

Medial:

A

Towards the center.

96
Q

Lateral:

A

Towards the side.

97
Q

Proximal:

A

Towards point of reference.

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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