philosophy, science, open science

Question 1

What is philosophy of science?

Answer 1

Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science.

John Locke

Question 2

Is psychology a science, and how?

Answer 2

sometimes scientific method is used, but sometimes it isn’t

Question 3

What is falsification?

Answer 3

the action of falsifying theories

Question 4

Parsimony and paradigm shift, what is it and what does it do?

Answer 4

TBA

Question 5

Replication, what is so important about this and how do we ensure we do it?

Answer 5

attempt to replicated a study and produce the same findings

results should be replicable

direct V conceptual replication (same V different methods)

Question 6

Open science - what does it mean?

Answer 6

open scientific practice - talk to others about your work

open data - share data

open access research articles - allow access to all articles

registered reports and preregistration - guard against publication bias, p-hacking and HARKing

Question 7

What is publication bias?

Answer 7

outcome of an experiment / study influences decision whether to publish

Question 8

Confirmatory vs exploratory analysis, what is what?

Answer 8

exploratory - not quite sure of what you are doing or expect

confirmatory - rationale and hypotheses are known in advance

Question 9

Replication crisis

Answer 9

A methodological issue - studies are difficult or impossible to replicate.