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G-12 REVIEWER > Philosophy Prelim > Flashcards

Philosophy Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

T or F

The greek word ‘philo’ and ‘sophia’ is the origin of the word ‘philosopher’.

A

False.
‘philosopher’—’philosophy’

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2
Q

T or F

Philosophy particularly in Eastern Philosophy originated from the two greek word ‘philo’ and ‘sophia’.

A

False
Eastern—Western

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3
Q

T or F

Philo means love while sophia means wisdom.

A

True

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4
Q

T or F

The words ‘philo’ and ‘sophia’ are two latin words.

A

False
Latin—Greek

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5
Q

T or F

Love of wisdom refers to the strong desire of the human person to possess knowledge and apply it incorrectly.

A

False
Incorrectly—correctly

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6
Q

T or F

Epistemology, metaphysics, logic, ethics/axiology, and aesthetics are the history of philosophy.

A

False
History—branches

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7
Q

T or F

Epistemology studies the nature of knowledge and the rationality of belief.

A

True

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8
Q

T or F

Logic is the means of production of knowledge.

A

False
Logic—Epistemology

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9
Q

T or F

Aesthetics concerns the matter of value/morality.

A

False
Aesthetics—Ethics/Axiology

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10
Q

T or F

Metaphysics studies and asks questions about the essence and existence of a being.

A

True

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11
Q

T or F

Ethics/Axiology concerned with meaning or truth.

A

False
Ethics/Axiology—Logic

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12
Q

T or F

Logic is the science of correct thinking.

A

True

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13
Q

T or F

Logic explores the nature and appreciation of art, beauty, and taste.

A

False
Logic—Aesthetics

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14
Q

T or F

Pythagoras is the first person to name himself a philosopher or lover of wisdom.

A

True

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15
Q

T or F

Heraclitus is an Ionian Greek Philosopher.

A

False
Heraclitus—Pythagoras

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16
Q

T or F

Pythagoras is the first moral philosopher.

A

False
Pythagoras—Socrates

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17
Q

T or F

Thales of Miletus is the teacher of Pythagoras.

A

True

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18
Q

T or F

Socrates is known for his Pythagorean Theorem in geometry.

A

False
Socrates—Pythagoras

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19
Q

T or False

Socrates is the father of Classical Western Philosophy.

A

True

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20
Q

T or F

Heraclitus believed that the world originated from the fire element.

A

True

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21
Q

T or F

Thales of Miletus is also known as the star gazer.

A

True

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22
Q

T or F

Pythagoras explained that the world was made up of water.

A

False
Pythagoras—Thales of Miletus

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23
Q

T or F

Heraclitus is the first person to explain the world and universe outside mythological concepts.

A

False
Heraclitus—Thales of Miletus

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24
Q

T or F

“The only permanent in this world is change” - Heraclitus

A

True

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25
Q

T or F

“No one ever steps into the river twice” - Pythagoras

A

False
Pythagoras—Heraclitus

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26
Q

T or F

Aristotle is the teacher of Plato.

A

False
Aristotle—Socrates

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27
Q

T or F

On his treatise, Peri Psyche, the soul is divided into three types and each according to each living being. - Plato

A

False
Plato—Aristotle

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28
Q

T or F

Aristotle is the student of plato and teacher of Alexander the Great.

A

True

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29
Q

T or F

Appetitive, Rational, and Spirited; are the souls belonging to each living being.

A

True

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30
Q

T or F

According to Socrates, the soul is the principle which explains all life.

A

False
Socrates—Plato

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31
Q

T or F

“Virtue is knowledge” - Plato

A

True

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32
Q

T or F

Pythagoras stresses that man must take good care of its soul.

A

False
Pythagoras—Socrates

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33
Q

T or F

“All human being desires the good” - Plato

A

False
Plato—Socrates

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34
Q

T or F

“The soul is immortal, even the physical ceased to exist” - Aristotle

A

False
Aristotle—Plato

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35
Q

T or F

Plato is the student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle.

A

True

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36
Q

T or F

Saint Augustine of Hippo is the Bishop of Hippo of South Africa.

A

False
South—North

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37
Q

T or F

Saint Thomas Aquinas combined the Christian Doctrine with Platonic Ideology.

A

False
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Saint Augustine of Hippo

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38
Q

T or F

Rene Descartes is the Father of the church.

A

False
Rene Descartes—Saint Augustine of Hippo

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39
Q

T or F

Saint Augustine of Hippo believed that everything is connected with God.

A

True

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40
Q

T or F

Saint Thomas Aquinas believed that truth is to be accepted no matter where it is found.

A

True

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41
Q

T or F

Plato followed the Aristotelian Philosophy.

A

False
Plato—Saint Thomas Aquinas

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42
Q

T or F

Saint Thomas Aquinas is the Father of modern western philosophy.

A

False
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Rene Descartes

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43
Q

T or F

Pythagoras reaffirmed the three types of soul.

A

False
Pythagoras—Saint Thomas Aquinas

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44
Q

T or F

Rene Descartes is the Father of analytical geometry.

A

True

45
Q

T or F

Rene Descartes believed that the mind and body is distinct but closely joined.

A

True

46
Q

T or F

Cogito ergo sum; “I think, therefore, I don’t exist”

A

False
I don’t exist—I am/I exist

47
Q

T or F

Cogito ergo sum - Saint Thomas Aquinas

A

False
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Rene Descartes

48
Q

T or F

Philosophy traces its roots to when people started asking why and tried looking for an answer.

A

False
Philosophy—Philosophizing

49
Q

T or F

Philosophical Questions is the attempt to logically formulate, understand, and answer the essential questions that we ask.

A

False
Philosophical Questions—Philosophizing

50
Q

There are difficult questions and almost impossible to answer. These questions can only be expressed in different forms such as;
-the ability to ______.
-ask ______.
-______ one’s thought.
-analyze certain ______ and ______.

A

Reflect
Questions
Explain
Experience and Phenomena

51
Q

Holistic or Partial

Looks only at a limited number of aspects of the given problem or situation.

A

Partial

52
Q

Holistic or Partial

Looks at all aspects of the given or situation.

A

Holistic

53
Q

Holistic or Partial

Listening only to your friend’s advice on what course to take in college.

A

Partial

54
Q

Holistic or Partial

Using different sources of information in doing your research.

A

Holistic

55
Q

Holistic or Partial

Conclusions are made based on considering some but not all sides of the problem or situation.

A

Partial

56
Q

Holistic or Partial

All aspects are given importance when making conclusions.

A

Holistic

57
Q

Holistic or Partial

All aspects are tied in together to form a general overview of the given problem of situation.

A

Holistic

58
Q

Holistic or Partial

Not judging the people by what we see on social media instead of learning to know them better.

A

Holistic

59
Q

Holistic or Partial

Listening to both your teachers and parent’s advice on what course to take in college.

A

Holistic

60
Q

Holistic or Partial

Judging the character of people we know just by merely looking at their facebook posts.

A

Partial

61
Q

Holistic or Partial

Using only one source of information in doing your research.

A

Partial

62
Q

He claimed that knowledge acquired merely through our senses, is not real knowledge at all. It is through philosophical reasoning where we gain true knowledge.

A

Plato

63
Q

In searching for the ______, you are already philosophizing.

A

Truth

64
Q

Searching for the ______ is what prompted Philosophers to ______
in the first place.

A

Truth, philosophize

65
Q

It is the study of the world.

A

Cosmology

66
Q

It is defined as something which can be proven or justified using one’s faculties or senses that follows the order of logic which is factual and valid under the normal human reason.

A

Truth

67
Q

Criteria for truth. (5)

A

Logic
Common sense
Knowledge
Opinions
Arguments

68
Q

_______ comes from the greek word ‘logike’ which pertains to ______.

A

Logic, art of reasoning

69
Q

It is a science that deals with the systematic process of reasoning in order to arrive at something.

A

Logic

70
Q

It is defined as a sound and prudent judgement based on a simple perception of the situation or facts.

A

Common sense

71
Q

It is the product of our belief and self-expression about something.

A

Opinions

72
Q

It is something that we deem to understand or grasp fully.

A

Knowledge

73
Q

Veracity=_____;_____

A

Veritas; Truth

74
Q

Are statements which provides reasons to persuade someone that your point is truthful.

A

Arguments

75
Q

Faulty arguments are called ______.

A

Fallacies

76
Q

Statements that may seem valid and logical at first but are actually invalid and ilogical.

A

Fallacies

77
Q

It is something that is not the truth and would deceive us.

A

Fallacies

78
Q

Baculum is a stick which symbolizes ______.

A

Authority

79
Q

Are defined as statements which are misleading and erroneous. We tend to commit ______ because our arguments are crafted and stated in a wrong way.

A

Fallacies

80
Q

Directly attacking the person to destroy his/her arguments.

A

Argumentum Ad Hominem

81
Q

“You need to pass me in this subject, since I will lose my scholarship if you don’t.”

A

Appeal to pity

82
Q

Appealing to a person’s unfortunate circumstances as a way of getting someone to accept a conclusion.

A

Appeal to pity

83
Q

Argument to the people.

A

Argumentum Ad Hominem

84
Q

Appeal to popularity.

A

Argumentum Ad Populum

85
Q

Appeal to Force.

A

Argumentum Ad Baculum

86
Q

“Politicians who talk against corruption should not be heard since they too are corrupt.”

A

Argumentum Ad Hominem

87
Q

The conclusion given to an argument is lacking and is illogical and baseless.

A

Hasty Generalization

88
Q

“If you don’t join our demonstration against the expansion of the park, we will evict you from your apartment; So, you should join our demonstration against the expansion of the park.”

A

Argumentum Ad Baculum

89
Q

It is based upon the appeal to force or threat in order to bring about the acceptance of a conclusion.

A

Argumentum Ad Baculum

90
Q

“Jenny is from Camayo Campus and she is intelligent. Therefore, all students from Camayo Campus are intelligent.”

A

Hasty Generalizations

91
Q

“Liza wants to buy an Iphone 12 because everyone in her class has it and she is afraid that she is out of ‘fad’ or not ‘in’.”

A

Argumentum Ad Populum

92
Q

Determining an argument using false cause and effect between different events.

A

Post Hoc

93
Q

The argument is acceptable since many are doing it.

A

Argumentum Ad Populum

94
Q

“A spoon fell from the dining table, therefore, we must expect a lady guest.”

A

Post Hoc

95
Q

Inductive Argument

A

Fallacy of Composition

96
Q

Deductive Argument

A

Fallacy of Division

97
Q

Comparing two similar terms/ideas but has wrongful usage/meaning.

A

False Analogy

98
Q

One thinks that what is true to the whole is true to a part.

A

Fallacy of Division

99
Q

One thinks that what is true to the part is also true to the whole.

A

Fallacy of Composition

100
Q

“Hydrogen is not wet and Oxygen is not wet. Therefore, water (H20) is not wet.”

A

Fallacy of Composition

101
Q

“Our santol tree has a bark. My dog barks. Therefore, the santol tree also barks.”

A

False Analogy

102
Q

“America is the wealthiest nation on earth, so George ( an American) must be rich.”

A

Fallacy of Division

103
Q

“I have a right to free speech, therefore, you cannot stop me from talking.”

A

Petitio Principii

104
Q

Begging the Question

A

Petitio Principii

105
Q

Assuming that something true in general is true in every possible case.

A

Dicto Simpliciter

106
Q

“Exercise is good. Therefore, everybody should exercise.”

A

Dicto Simpliciter

107
Q

It is a fallacy that treats matter under debate as already established and assumes that thing or idea to be proven is true.

A

Petitio Principii

108
Q

Types of Fallacies. (11)

A

Appeal to Pity
Argumentum Ad Hominem
Argumentum Ad Baculum
Hasty Generalization
Post Hoc
Argumentum Ad Populum
False Analogy
Fallacy of Composition
Fallacy of Division
Dicto Simpliciter
Petitio Principii

109
Q

Construct an essay on the topic Doing Philosophy with grammatical correct construction and correct punctuation arrangements.

A

Doing Philosophy—When we are doing philosophical reflection and we are engaging in finding ways or methodologies to eliminate any practical problem or abstract idea, we are already ‘doing philosophy’.

G-12 REVIEWER (3 decks)

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