Philosophy of Mind and Consciousness Flashcards
What is the Theory of Mind (ToM)?
The ability to attribute mental states, such as beliefs and desires, to oneself and others.
Fill in the blank: Theory of Mind typically develops in children around ages _____.
3–5
True or False: Impaired Theory of Mind is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
True
What is the ‘false belief’ component of Theory of Mind?
Recognizing that others can hold beliefs that are incorrect.
What are the two main aspects of consciousness?
Phenomenal consciousness and access consciousness.
Fill in the blank: David Chalmers coined the term ‘_____ problem of consciousness.’
hard
True or False: Dualism states that the mind and body are the same entity.
False (Dualism asserts they are distinct entities).
What is Integrated Information Theory (IIT)?
A theory proposing that consciousness corresponds to the degree of information integration in a system.
What is John Locke’s Memory Theory of self-identity?
The idea that personal identity is based on the continuity of memory.
Provide an example of a philosophical challenge to personal identity over time.
If every cell in your body is replaced over time, are you still the same person?
True or False: The Buddhist perspective views identity as permanent and unchanging.
False (It views identity as dynamic and aggregated).
What is the difference between direct realism and indirect realism in perception?
Direct realism suggests we perceive the world directly, while indirect realism suggests we perceive mental representations of the world.
Fill in the blank: Kant argued that perception is not passive but actively _____ sensory input using innate categories.
structures
What is an example of an optical illusion demonstrating discrepancies in perception?
The Müller-Lyer illusion, where lines of equal length appear different.
True or False: Phenomenology focuses on the first-person subjective experience of perception.
True
