Philosophy Of Mind

Question 0

Different branches of philosophy

Answer 0

Logic, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics

Question 1

Philosophy

Answer 1

The study of the nature of the world, knowledge, existence, justice, etc

Question 2

Logic

Answer 2

Correct vs incorrect reasoning

Question 3

Metaphysics

Answer 3

Features of reality, nature of existence, nature of mind

Question 4

Epistemology

Answer 4

Nature and origin of human knowledge

Question 5

Ethics

Answer 5

Evaluation of human conduct

Question 6

Monism

Answer 6

Mind and body are one thing (or only one of them exists)

Idealism and materialism

Question 7

Idealism

Answer 7

Nothing exists but the mind

Question 8

Materialism (physicalism)

Answer 8

nothing exists but body (matter)

Question 9

Reductive materialism

Answer 9

Mind is just brain, mental phenomena (beliefs, desires) can be reduced to physical phenomena

Question 10

Eliminating materialism

Answer 10

Mind is just brain, but in addition: anything that has no neural correlates will be eliminated
^^
Lot of things are real (beliefs, desires) may turn out to have no neural correlates

Question 11

Dualism

Answer 11

Mental and physical both exist (mind and body are separate)

Question 12

Types of dualism

Answer 12

Classical, epiphenomenalism, parallelism, interactionism

Question 13

Classical

Answer 13

Mind controls body, body does NOT control mind

Thoughts control actions, not vice versa

Question 14

Epiphenomenalism

Answer 14

Mind is just epiphenomenon (by-product) of body

Something about brain processes gives rise to mind, but mind has no effect on brain

Question 15

Parallelism

Answer 15

Thought doesn’t affect action, action doesn’t affect thought

(Counterintuitive…hard to falsify)

Question 16

Interactionism

Answer 16

Thoughts produce actions, actions produce thoughts but neither mind not body can be reduced to the other

Question 17

Functionalism

Answer 17

• Mental states are physical states
• anything that can implement those states is a mind
• nature of physical system (brain, computer, cheese) doesn’t matter

Question 18

Consciousness

Answer 18

The subjective quality of experience
^^
Existing in the mind; belonging to the thinking subject rather than to te object of thought

Question 19

The easy problem

Answer 19

How does the brain process stimuli and integrate them
/*psychological consciousness*/

Question 20

The hard problem

Answer 20

Why does all this result in subjective experience /phenomenal consciousness (consciousness as experienced from first person)/