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Understanding The Self (Module 1) > Philosophy Module 1 > Flashcards

Philosophy Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

it is the study of many conditions to identify and make one subject of experience distinct from other experiences

A

The Philosophy of the self

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2
Q

it is a unified being essentially connected with consciousness, awareness, and agency

A

Self

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3
Q

it is an academic discipline concerned with investigating the significance of ordinary and scientific beliefs.

A

Philosophy

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4
Q

it investigates the legitimacy of concepts by rational arguments.

A

Philosophy

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5
Q

Who was the one who questioned the myths and abandoned learning about them?

A

The Greeks

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6
Q

What is arche?

A

it the origin or source, primal matter.

It explains the multiplicity of the things in the world

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7
Q

What is arche according to Socrates?

A

The soul’s movement is the ultimate arche or origin of all other movements. The arche has no origin outside itself

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8
Q

Who were the Philosophers during the Pre-Socratic Era?

A

Thales, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus, Empedocles

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9
Q

Who were the Philosophers during the Socratic era?

A

Socrates, Plato, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas

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10
Q

Who were the Philosophers during the Modern Philosophy Era?

A

Rene Descartes, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Gilbert Ryle, Merleau Ponty

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11
Q

concerned with the “problem of the self”

A

Socrates

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12
Q

The true task of a philosopher is to know oneself

A

Socrates

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13
Q

An unexamined life is not worth living for

A

Socrates

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14
Q

The worst thing that can happen to anyone is to live but die inside

A

Socrates

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15
Q

The soul is immortal

A

Socrates

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16
Q

Success makes people think about “who they are.”

A

Socrates

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17
Q

Who underwent trial?

A

Socrates

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18
Q

Why did Socrates undergo trial?

A

He corrupted the mind of the youth

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19
Q

Why did Socrates die?

A

he drank “Hemlock” a poison

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20
Q

Every person is dualistic

A

Socrates

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21
Q

Who is the teacher of Plato?

A

Socrates

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22
Q

What is the theory of Socrates made by Plato?

A

Socratic Dialogue

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23
Q

He is a student of Socrates.

A

Plato

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24
Q

He stated that if the human being do not live in accordance to their nature or function, then the result will be injustice

A

Plato

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25
Q

What is the theory of Plato?

A

Theory of Forms

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26
Q

He also believed that the soul is immortal

A

Plato

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27
Q

He proposed the 3 components of the soul

A

Plato

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28
Q

What are the 3 components of the soul?

A

Rational Soul, Spirited Soul, Appetitive Soul

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29
Q

What is a Rational Soul?

A

is the individual’s ability to rationale; has the reason and intellect to govern or conduct affairs

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30
Q

What is a Spirited Soul?

A

keeping emotions at bay; our ability to feel things; emotions

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31
Q

What is an Appetitive Soul?

A

base desires of human being

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32
Q

Spirited of the Man in the medieval philosophy

A

St. Augustine

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33
Q

He follows the view of Plato about the theory of form but adds Christianity

A

St. Augustine

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34
Q

He stated that a man is bifurcated or divided into 2 branches of nature

A

St. Augustine

35
Q

He stated that part of the man dwell or lives in the world (imperfect) but yearns to be with the divine

A

St. Augustine

36
Q

He stated that other parts of the body is capable of reaching immortality

A

St. Augustine

37
Q

Physical realm (Socrates)

A

Body

38
Q

Ideal Realm (Socrates)

A

Soul

39
Q

Body ____ on earth and Soul _____ eternally in the spiritual bliss with ____-

A

dies; lives; God

40
Q

He stated that “The soul is what makes us humans.”

A

St. Thoman Aquinas

41
Q

What is the other term for Matter?

A

Hyle

42
Q

What is the other term for Form?

A

Morphe

43
Q

What is Matter?

A

are the common stuff that makes up everything in the universe

44
Q

What is Form?

A

is the essence of the substance of something (what makes it, what is)

45
Q

The body of humans is similar to animals/objects but what makes us unique is ______

A

the essence of our soul, stated by St. Thiman Aquinas

46
Q

Man = ____ + _____ according to St. Thomas Aquinas

A

matter + form

47
Q

Who is the Father of Modern Philosphy?

A

Rene Descartes

48
Q

He stated that “There are so much that we should doubt.”

A

Rene Descartes

49
Q

He said that, if something is so clear and lucid as not to be doubted, then that’s the only time we should believe.

A

Rene Descartes

50
Q

He stated that “the only thing that no one can doubt is the existence of the self.”

A

Rene Descartes

51
Q

Cogito ergo sum

A

I think, therefore I am

52
Q

Who stated Cogito ergo sum (I think, therefore I am)?

A

Rene Descartes

53
Q

He said that the body if the machine attached to the mind

A

Rene Descartes

54
Q

The mind is what makes us human

A

Rene Descartes

55
Q

What is Rene Descartes theory called?

A

Methodological Skepticism

56
Q

Who stated, “I am a thinking thing. A thing that doubts, understands, affirms, denies, wills, refuses, imagine, and perceives

A

Rene Descartes

57
Q

Human person = _____ + _______, stated by Rene Descartes

A

body + mind

58
Q

Who is the Philosopher who disagrees with the 4 Pre-Socratic Philosophers and Rene Descartes?

A

David Hume

59
Q

He believed that one can only know what comes from the senses and experiences

A

David Hume

60
Q

He believed that the self is not an entity beyond the physical body

A

David Hume

61
Q

He stated that “You know that other people are human not because you have seen their soul but because you see them, hear them, and feel them.”

A

David Hume

62
Q

He believed that “The self is nothing but a bundle of impression and ideas.”

A

David Hume

63
Q

What is Impression stated by David Hume?

A

Impressions are the objects that can either experience or sensation; it form the core of one’s thoughts

64
Q

What is an Idea stated by David Hume?

A

Ideas are copies of Impression; it is not as real as impression

65
Q

The self is in a_________ (David Hume)

A

Perpetual Flux

66
Q

The self is a collection of _______ (David Hume)

A

different perception

67
Q

Who was the Philospher that agreed to David Hume that everything starts with the perception/sensation of impressions?

A

Immanuel Kant

68
Q

What is the Theory of David Hume?

A

Bundle Theory

69
Q

He believed that “Time, space, etc are some ideas that one cannot find in the world, but is build in the mind.”

A

Immanuel Kant

70
Q

He stated that “Apparatus of the mind.”

A

Immanuel Kant

71
Q

“There is a mind that regulates these impressions.”

A

Immanuel Kant

72
Q

He stated that “We need ACTIVE INTELLIGENCE to be able to synthesize all knowledge and experience

A

Immanuel Kant

73
Q

He stated that “The self is not only a personality but also a seat of knowledge.”

A

Immanuel Kant

74
Q

“The self organizes different impressions that one gets in relation to his own existence.”

A

Immanuel Kant

75
Q

Who stated, “I act, therefore I am.”

A

Gilbert Ryle

76
Q

He denies the internal, not the physical self

A

Gilbert Ryle

77
Q

He believed that the self is not an entity one can locate or analyze but it is simply the convenient name that we use to refer to the behaviors that we make

A

Gilbert Ryle

78
Q

What is the theory of Gilbert Ryle?

A

Concept of Minds

79
Q

Merleau is a _______-

A

Phenomenologist

80
Q

He disagrees with St. Augustine

A

Merleau Ponty

81
Q

He believed that the mind-body bifurcation is an invalid problem

A

Merleau Ponty

82
Q

He stated that “One’s body is his opening towards his existence to the world.”

A

Merleau Ponty

83
Q

He stated that “The living body, his thoughts, emotions, and experiences are all one.”

A

Merleau Ponty

84
Q

He coined the phrase “Ghost in the machine.”

A

Merleau Ponty

Understanding The Self (Module 1) (2 decks)

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