Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Random > Philosophy > Flashcards

Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

What is existentialism?

A

A philosophical movement that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: Utilitarianism is a theory that suggests actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fill in the blank: The philosophy that argues reality is mentally constructed is known as __________.

A

idealism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who is considered the father of modern philosophy?

A

René Descartes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the term ‘nihilism’ refer to?

A

The belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which philosopher is associated with the concept of the ‘categorical imperative’?

A

Immanuel Kant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main idea of pragmatism?

A

The truth of beliefs is determined by their practical consequences and applications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Stoicism teaches the development of self-control and fortitude as a means to overcome destructive emotions.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is the philosophical study of knowledge, its nature, and its limits.

A

Epistemology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the primary focus of existential phenomenology?

A

The study of human experience and consciousness from a first-person perspective.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Multiple Choice: Which philosopher is known for the idea of ‘the social contract’?

A

Thomas Hobbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does ‘absurdism’ explore?

A

The conflict between humans’ tendency to seek inherent meaning and the universe’s lack of it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: Marxism is a theory that advocates for a classless society through the means of production being owned collectively.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between deontology and consequentialism?

A

Deontology focuses on the morality of actions themselves, while consequentialism focuses on the outcomes of those actions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fill in the blank: The philosophy that emphasizes the individual’s subjective experience and freedom is called __________.

A

existentialism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who proposed the idea of ‘the will to power’?

A

Friedrich Nietzsche

17
Q

What is ‘virtue ethics’ primarily concerned with?

A

The character and virtues of the moral agent rather than rules or consequences.

18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which philosophical school believes in achieving happiness through moderation and self-control?

A

Aristotelian ethics

19
Q

What does ‘metaphysics’ study?

A

The fundamental nature of reality, including concepts like being, existence, and the universe.

20
Q

True or False: Phenomenology is the study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.

A

True

21
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is the philosophical belief that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience.

A

Empiricism

22
Q

What is ‘dialectical materialism’?

A

A philosophical approach to understanding the world through the lens of material conditions and social relations.

23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which philosopher is known for the phrase ‘I think, therefore I am’?

A

René Descartes

24
Q

What is ‘absurdism’ associated with?

A

The belief that human beings exist in a purposeless, chaotic universe.

25
Q

True or False: Hedonism is the philosophical theory that pleasure is the highest good.

A

True

26
Q

Fill in the blank: The ethical theory that evaluates actions based on their outcomes is known as __________.

A

consequentialism

27
Q

What does ‘altruism’ mean in ethical philosophy?

A

The selfless concern for the well-being of others.

28
Q

Multiple Choice: Which philosopher is famous for his work on the ‘veil of ignorance’?

A

John Rawls

29
Q

What is the main idea behind ‘social constructivism’?

A

Knowledge and meaning are constructed through social processes and interactions.

30
Q

True or False: The ‘trolley problem’ is a thought experiment in ethics that explores moral dilemmas.

A

True

Random (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions