Philosophy

Question 1

Aristotle

Answer 1

Deductive reasoning

General to specific

All swans are white, thus a swan is white

Question 2

Roger bacon

Answer 2

The need for independent verification; should be reproducible

Question 3

Francis bacon

Answer 3

Inductive reasoning

Specific to general

All swans are large and white, therefore all large white birds are swans

Question 4

Robert Boyle

Answer 4

Believed in importance of producing consistent results, which are reproducible and repeatable as scientific

Question 5

Karl Popper

Answer 5

Falsification principle

For a theory to be valid, it must be able to be tested and proven false