Philosophy Flashcards
What ancient religions do the roots of yoga derive from?
Hinduism
Buddhism
Jainism
Where do the earliest known texts on yoga come from?
The Vedas
What does the word “Vedas” mean?
Knowledge
What is the Sanskrit meaning of the word “yoga”?
To make one / union
When were the Vedas estimated to have been written?
1700 - 1100 BCE
What was the primary tool used to achieve a state of oneness and consciousness according to the Vedas texts?
meditation
What was the primary form of meditation in the Vedas?
Mantra meditation
Tapping into your authentic spiritual sensibilities helps to guide you whether to bring chanting into yoga classes.
True or False
True
The Upinshads held forth the belief in what 2 Hindu religious philosophies?
Universal spirit
Individual soul
What does the word “Upinshad” mean?
Sitting down beside
The Bhagavad Gita is also called the what?
Song of God
Name the 4 yogic paths according to the Bhagavad Gita?
Jnana yoga
Astanga yoga
Karma yoga
Bhakti yoga
what is karma yoga?
yoga of service
What do the 3 primary activities of Bhakti yoga include?
offering prayer
chanting God’s names
meditating on God
In the yoga sutras of Patanjali - what does he explain is the meaning of yoga?
To calm the fluctuations of the mind
What is the definition of Samadhi?
A blissful state in which one is absorbed with the divine
Do the yoga Sutras describe a single asana or pose? yes or no?
No
The yoga Sutras include the philosophy of the eight limbs of yoga.
True of false
True
Name the 5 Yamas
Ahimsa
Satya
Asteya
Brahmacharya
Aparigraha
What is Ahimsa?
non-violence
What is Asteya?
non-stealing
What is Satya?
truthfulness
What is Brahmacharya?
celibacy (moderation in today’s society)
What is Aparigraha?
non-greed
How many Yamas are there?
5
How many Niyamas are there?
5
Name the 5 Niyamas
Saucha
Santosha
Tapas
Svadhyaya
Ishavara pranidhana
What is saucha?
purity / cleanliness
(treat your body as a temple)
What is Santosha?
contentment
what is tapas?
self-discipline
what is svadhyaya?
self-study / self-reflection
what is Ishvara pranidhana
contemplation of or surrender to a higher power
what is the translation of asana?
to take one seat
What is it called when we observe the flow of breath in and out of the body?
Pranayama
what is the 8th limb of yoga?
Samadhi
what is the definition of Samadhi?
The stage where union with the divine is reached
What is tantra?
The idea that the universe is an expression of the divine and can be tapped into as a source of divine consciousness
What are the 8 limbs of yoga?
Yamas
Niyamas
Asanas
Pranayama
Pratyahara
Dharana
Dhyana
Samadhi
What are the yamas?
social restraints and moral codes
what you shouldn’t do
what are the niyamas?
rules and guidelines
what you should do
what is pranayama?
use of breath
what are the asanas?
yoga postures / poses
what is pratyahara?
withdrawing from senses and focusing the mind inward
What is dharana?
concentration
focuses on attaching mind to a single thing
What is Dhyana?
meditation
What is samadhi?
bliss or enlightenment
result of the prior 7 limbs
what is Jnana yoga?
the most intense paths of yoga
Renounce everything else in life that is not yoga
What is the 2nd most intense path of yoga?
Astanga yoga
what is the only path of yoga that includes asana?
astanga yoga
what path of yoga accepts that there is a higher authority and does not expect anything in return?
karmic yoga
what path of yoga focuses on giving out and receiving love?
Bhakti yoga
Name the 3 Gunas?
Rajas
Tamas
Sattva
what are the rajas?
the mode of passion
helps us move forward in life
what are the tamas?
the mode of ignorance and darkness
what are the sattva?
the mode of goodness
is related to peacefulness and clarity
what are the 2 types of karma?
Vikarma
Karma kanda
what is the definition of yugas?
time periods that are thousands of years old
list the 4 yogas
Satya yuga
Treta yuga
Dwapara yuga
Kali yuga
