Philosophy Flashcards
Philosophy comes from the greek word Philos means… and Sophia means…
Philos - Love
Sophia - Wisdom
The study of the basic/fundamental principles of life, knowledge, reality, existence, morality, human nature, etc. through the use of logic and reason
Philosophy
Objectives of Philosophy
It opens the mind of people
It does not provide ultimate answer
Encourage individuals to ask questions and to seek answer for themselves
How to become a Philosopher
1st you need to wonder or ask questions
2nd you have to search or seek for the answer of your questions
3rd the moment you found answer to your questions, that is not yet the ultimate answer, from that answer, ask again another question
There is a fundamental principle /thing that underlies everything else, including the human self
Cosmo-centric
Theories of the Philosopher
1. Thales
2. Anaximander
3. Anaximenes
4. Democritus
5. Heraclitus
6. Anaxagoras
7. Pythagoras
- Water
- Apeiron- “Boundless Something”
- Air
- Atom
- Fire
- Mind
- Numbers
Who said the “Know thyself”
-the true task of Philosopher is to know oneself
Socrates
He was the first Philosopher whoever engaged in a systematic questioning of the self
Socrates
Who said that “An unexamined life is not worth living”
Socrates
Each person has an immortal soul that surpasses the death of the body
Dualistic reality = body and soul by…
Socrates
Student of Socrates
Plato
3-part of soul/self (psyche) according to Plato
Reason
Physical appetite
Spirit/Passion
A component of soul that states that “the divine essence that let us think deeply (wisdom)”
Reason
A component of soul for our basic biological needs
Physical Appetite
A component of soul for our basic emotions
Spirit /Passion
He said that the self strives to achieve union with god through faith and reason
St. Augustine
He said that Self is a thinking thing, it can exist independently of the body but doesn’t deny the association of the body to the self
Rene Descartes
“Cogito Ergo Sum”
I think, therfore, I am
Dualism: Thinking (spiritual) self (Governed by the laws of reason and God’s will) vs. physical body (Governed by the laws of nature) by…
Rene Descartes
TABULARASA (a blank Slate) by…
John Locke
He said that “The conscious awareness and memory of previews experiences are the keys to understanding the self”
John Locke
He believes that “There is no self but a bundle of impressions”
David Hume
According to David Hume, it is the product of direct experience in the world.
Impressions
According to David Hume, it is a copies of our impressions
Ideas
