Philosophy

Question 1

What is philosophy?

Answer 1

-Study of acquiring knowledge through rational thinking and inquiries
- Answering questions about the nature of man and word
- Philo means “love”
- Sophia means “wisdom”

Question 2

Socrates

Answer 2

-Dualist
- human choice was motivated by the desire for happiness
- Ultimate wisdom comes from knowing oneself

Question 3

“Know thy self” for you to know what makes you happy

Answer 3

Socrates

Question 4

Plato

Answer 4

• student of socrates
• soul exist before and after death
• dualist

Question 5

3 elements of soul

Answer 5

Rational soul (truth and uses logical thinking)

Appetite( basic needs and bodily desires)

Will ( emotion, passion and spirit)

Question 6

Saint Augustine

Answer 6

Aurelius Agustinus

Knowledge of our true self requires knowledge of our divine origin

Knowing god is equal to knowing ourselves

Dualist

Question 7

Discursive thinking

Answer 7

Moral and intellectual perfection

Question 8

Intuitive self awareness

Answer 8

Consciousness and identity of self

Question 9

Rene Descartes

Answer 9

His argument is known as Cogito

If he is capable of doubting, then he must exist

The essence of mind, which he describes in terms of doubting, affirming, judging

Our mind is considered as substance

Dualist

Question 10

Substance

Answer 10

Something that is capable of existing independently.

Question 11

Cogito ergo sum

Answer 11

I think therefore I am

Question 12

John Locke

Answer 12

Personality identity is a matter of psychological continuity

“Empty Mind” or Tabula Rasa which is shaped by experience and sensations and reflections

Dualist

Question 13

David Humes

Answer 13

No mind or self

Argues passions as determinants of behavior

Also appears as beheviorist believing that human learns as lower animals

Idea of self is not any one impressions

Dualist

Question 14

Immanuel Kant

Answer 14

Aiming to justify a conviction in physics as a body of universal truth especially in immortality and free will

Dualist

Question 15

2 components of the self

Answer 15

Inner self ( souls are objects of inner self)

Outer self (bodies are objects of outer self)

Question 16

Sigmeund Freud

Answer 16

Had the most controversial theory

Dualist

Question 17

Psychoanalysis

Answer 17

Act based on sexual urges

Question 18

Foundation of psychoanalysis

Answer 18

Sex ( Eros)

Aggression ( Thanatos)

Question 19

Id

Answer 19

Pleasure principle

Fantasies, imaginations

Question 20

Ego

Answer 20

Reality principle

Finding a way to become real

Question 21

Superego

Answer 21

Moral principle

Between right amd wrong

Question 22

Oedipus

Answer 22

Killed his father to be wedded to her own mother

Question 23

Oedipus Complex

Answer 23

He has sexual urges right after the baby is born

Lalaki

Question 24

Elektra Complex

Answer 24

She has sexual urges right after she is born

Babae

Question 25

Hypnosis

Answer 25

For pschoyheraph and used as a medicine for human

Question 26

Placebo Effect

Answer 26

When you believe in something for a long time it will come true

Question 27

Psychosomatic

Answer 27

Mind to body

Question 28

Somatopsychic

Answer 28

Body to mind

Question 29

Gilbert Ryle

Answer 29

Dualist

Only I am able to perceive and experience the states and processes of my own mind

Question 30

2 collateral histories

Answer 30

1. What heppen in and to his body PUBLIC
2. What happens in and to his mind PRIVATE

Question 31

Paul Churchland

Answer 31

We need to develop a new vocabulary that will enable us to communicate and think clearly.

Question 32

Eliminative Materialism

Answer 32

Develop new neurosciencw based vocabulary that will enable us to think and communicate

Question 33

Maurice Merleu-Ponty

Answer 33

Not a dualist

Our living body is a natural synthesis of mind and biology

Question 34

Self

Answer 34

Something that one creates not find

Question 35

Self understanding

Answer 35

About being aware of and understanding one’s own actions