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GWC > Philosophy 100 Final Exam > Flashcards

Philosophy 100 Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

These two scholars came up with the concept of Romanticism

A

Rousseau + Wagner
Concerned with overthinking nature
Too educated –> artificial

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2
Q

Which philosophers argued that ethics is an invention of the mind?

A

Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

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3
Q

He wrote about language games

A

Aristotle

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4
Q

What are considered right and wrong in Bentham’s ethics?

A 
Right = what brings most pleasure
Wrong = what brings pain
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5
Q

Nietzsche argued that we should get beyond these two values?

A

Good and bad

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6
Q

The zombie is this part of the brain

A

Unconscious mind

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7
Q

In which text does Descartes write about his theory of knowledge?

A

Discourse on Method

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8
Q

Which children’s story represents Aristotle’s ethics?

A

Goldielocks

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9
Q

Why is a horse mentioned in the Myth of Gyges?

A

Plato identifies sophists with homer’s portrayal of a horse as not being equivalent to arete

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10
Q

This philosopher felt that art was cathartic

A

Aristotle

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11
Q

An argument is made up of these 3 parts

A

2 premises

1 conclusion

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12
Q

Who’s the Father of modern philosophy?

A

Renee Descartes

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14
Q

The problem with virtue ethics is?

A

Lack of focus on problem solving

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15
Q

He wrote about the Categorical Imperative?

A

Immanuel Kant

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16
Q

What does empiricism mean?

A

Knowledge by the senses

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17
Q

Which philosophical theory studies man’s existence

A

Existentialism

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18
Q

Shape is this kind o quality, according to Locke

A

Primary quality

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19
Q

What is the mean?

A

Aristotle’s ethics
The “just right” point between two extremes
Where arete flourishes

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20
Q

This is the container of life matter and moves?

A

The soul

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21
Q

Why is Thales the Father of Western Philosophy?

A

He’s the first realist

Looking away from religion and finding answers in the world we live in

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22
Q

What do the Five Proofs for God attempt to prove?

A

St. Augustine

Uses logic to prove existence of God

23
Q

Who used the ontological argument for God?

A

Anselm

24
Q

How are agonists different from Parmenides?

A

Parmenides = monist and the world is unchanging, immobile

Atomists = pluralists and the atoms are the smallest matter of life that are constantly in motion

25
Q

Why are philosophers the kings in Plato’s method of government?

A

Plato believes the best person to lead is one who doesn’t want to lead

Also, they were not property owners and therefore lacked the material ambition that can lead to greed

26
Q

Why was Socrates sentenced to death?

A

Impiety

Creating his own gods

27
Q

What does “teleology” mean?

A

Goal directedness
Explanation in terms of what ends it serves

German thinkers

28
Q

This theory is named for a little animal that can make a big difference by flapping it’s wings?

A

Seagull

29
Q

Why did Plato write about the Forms?

A

To debunk relativism
Man is not the measure of all things
There’s a Highest Form by which we must live by

30
Q

This scientific theory argued that present day processes are the same as the past?

A

Uniformitarianism

31
Q

What is it like to be a bat is an argument about this?

A

Nagle’s theory

Mental operations are relative from one mind to the next

32
Q

According to Plato, this type of government leads to the few ruling themselves

A

Oligarchy

33
Q

He wrote about conspicuous consumption

A

Thorstein Veblen
Living outside your means
Desire > Necessity

34
Q

Why can’t miracles occur, according to Hume?

A

They can’t be observed or demonstrated factually

35
Q

He theorized that there were no ethics in war

A

Carl von Clausewitz

Remedy with Red Cross, Geneva conventions

36
Q

Which level do the city-state is the supplier in the new Republic and gets most attention?

A

Craftsmen

37
Q

This is the reason why we know what we know, according to Berkeley?

A

Through experience and experiencing God

38
Q

This place is symbololic cultural change for the Greeks

A

Athens

39
Q

Plato didn’t like this form of government because he thought it was biased

A

Democracy

Everyone ruling for themselves will make for exhaustion then they look for a leader –> dictator

40
Q

Kant developed his theory of morality in response to this type of person?

A

Psychological egoists

Does act for outcome that is self serving

41
Q

Plato was mostly influenced by this great philosopher

A

Socrates

42
Q

Chalk and cheese differ in this way according to Atomists

A

Atoms come in different shapes and sizes as they’re compounded
Voids will also be different
So void + compound hook together to form visible bodies that vary

43
Q

Kant and Hume differed over a matter of this, regarding art?

A

Judgement
Kant = beauty is in the object/objective/standard
Hume = beauty is in the eye of the beholder/subjective

44
Q

These are the two kinds of evidence that can be used to support argument

A

Facts + inferences

45
Q

This word means “to recall,” according to asocrates

A

Anamnesis
Knowledge is a priori (innate)
We just need the means to tap into that lost info

46
Q

“Dasein” is part of this modern theory

A

Being there

Heiddegger’s existentialism theory

47
Q

Lyotard has many mini narratives about this

A

Identity theory

Philosophy focuses on mini to detail specific aspects

48
Q

This story of Sisyphus is about this concept in existentialism

A

Free will

49
Q

Virtue ethics is defined as being based on this?

A

Character building

Morality/goodness

50
Q

Aristotle’s political state is based on what 2 concepts?

A

Eudaemonia (happiness of the whole) + private property

51
Q

This word is defined as the “love of wisdom”

A

Philosophy

GWC (2 decks)

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