Philosophy 100 Final Exam

Question 1

These two scholars came up with the concept of Romanticism

Answer 1

Rousseau + Wagner
Concerned with overthinking nature
Too educated –> artificial

Question 2

Which philosophers argued that ethics is an invention of the mind?

Answer 2

Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

Question 3

He wrote about language games

Answer 3

Aristotle

Question 4

What are considered right and wrong in Bentham’s ethics?

Answer 4

Right = what brings most pleasure
Wrong = what brings pain

Question 5

Nietzsche argued that we should get beyond these two values?

Answer 5

Good and bad

Question 6

The zombie is this part of the brain

Answer 6

Unconscious mind

Question 7

In which text does Descartes write about his theory of knowledge?

Answer 7

Discourse on Method

Question 8

Which children’s story represents Aristotle’s ethics?

Answer 8

Goldielocks

Question 9

Why is a horse mentioned in the Myth of Gyges?

Answer 9

Plato identifies sophists with homer’s portrayal of a horse as not being equivalent to arete

Question 10

This philosopher felt that art was cathartic

Answer 10

Aristotle

Question 11

An argument is made up of these 3 parts

Answer 11

2 premises

1 conclusion

Question 12

Who’s the Father of modern philosophy?

Answer 12

Renee Descartes

Question 14

The problem with virtue ethics is?

Answer 14

Lack of focus on problem solving

Question 15

He wrote about the Categorical Imperative?

Answer 15

Immanuel Kant

Question 16

What does empiricism mean?

Answer 16

Knowledge by the senses

Question 17

Which philosophical theory studies man’s existence

Answer 17

Existentialism

Question 18

Shape is this kind o quality, according to Locke

Answer 18

Primary quality

Question 19

What is the mean?

Answer 19

Aristotle’s ethics
The “just right” point between two extremes
Where arete flourishes

Question 20

This is the container of life matter and moves?

Answer 20

The soul

Question 21

Why is Thales the Father of Western Philosophy?

Answer 21

He’s the first realist

Looking away from religion and finding answers in the world we live in

Question 22

What do the Five Proofs for God attempt to prove?

Answer 22

St. Augustine

Uses logic to prove existence of God

Question 23

Who used the ontological argument for God?

Answer 23

Anselm

Question 24

How are agonists different from Parmenides?

Answer 24

Parmenides = monist and the world is unchanging, immobile

Atomists = pluralists and the atoms are the smallest matter of life that are constantly in motion

Question 25

Why are philosophers the kings in Plato’s method of government?

Answer 25

Plato believes the best person to lead is one who doesn’t want to lead

Also, they were not property owners and therefore lacked the material ambition that can lead to greed

Question 26

Why was Socrates sentenced to death?

Answer 26

Impiety | Creating his own gods

Question 27

What does "teleology" mean?

Answer 27

Goal directedness Explanation in terms of what ends it serves German thinkers

Question 28

This theory is named for a little animal that can make a big difference by flapping it's wings?

Answer 28

Seagull

Question 29

Why did Plato write about the Forms?

Answer 29

To debunk relativism Man is not the measure of all things There's a Highest Form by which we must live by

Question 30

This scientific theory argued that present day processes are the same as the past?

Answer 30

Uniformitarianism

Question 31

What is it like to be a bat is an argument about this?

Answer 31

Nagle's theory | Mental operations are relative from one mind to the next

Question 32

According to Plato, this type of government leads to the few ruling themselves

Answer 32

Oligarchy

Question 33

He wrote about conspicuous consumption

Answer 33

Thorstein Veblen Living outside your means Desire > Necessity

Question 34

Why can't miracles occur, according to Hume?

Answer 34

They can't be observed or demonstrated factually

Question 35

He theorized that there were no ethics in war

Answer 35

Carl von Clausewitz | Remedy with Red Cross, Geneva conventions

Question 36

Which level do the city-state is the supplier in the new Republic and gets most attention?

Answer 36

Craftsmen

Question 37

This is the reason why we know what we know, according to Berkeley?

Answer 37

Through experience and experiencing God

Question 38

This place is symbololic cultural change for the Greeks

Answer 38

Athens

Question 39

Plato didn't like this form of government because he thought it was biased

Answer 39

Democracy | Everyone ruling for themselves will make for exhaustion then they look for a leader --> dictator

Question 40

Kant developed his theory of morality in response to this type of person?

Answer 40

Psychological egoists | Does act for outcome that is self serving

Question 41

Plato was mostly influenced by this great philosopher

Answer 41

Socrates

Question 42

Chalk and cheese differ in this way according to Atomists

Answer 42

Atoms come in different shapes and sizes as they're compounded Voids will also be different So void + compound hook together to form visible bodies that vary

Question 43

Kant and Hume differed over a matter of this, regarding art?

Answer 43

Judgement Kant = beauty is in the object/objective/standard Hume = beauty is in the eye of the beholder/subjective

Question 44

These are the two kinds of evidence that can be used to support argument

Answer 44

Facts + inferences

Question 45

This word means "to recall," according to asocrates

Answer 45

Anamnesis Knowledge is a priori (innate) We just need the means to tap into that lost info

Question 46

"Dasein" is part of this modern theory

Answer 46

Being there | Heiddegger's existentialism theory

Question 47

Lyotard has many mini narratives about this

Answer 47

Identity theory | Philosophy focuses on mini to detail specific aspects

Question 48

This story of Sisyphus is about this concept in existentialism

Answer 48

Free will

Question 49

Virtue ethics is defined as being based on this?

Answer 49

Character building | Morality/goodness

Question 50

Aristotle's political state is based on what 2 concepts?

Answer 50

Eudaemonia (happiness of the whole) + private property

Question 51

This word is defined as the "love of wisdom"

Answer 51

Philosophy