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UTS > Philosophical Perspective > Flashcards

Philosophical Perspective Flashcards

1
Q

Philia means?

A

Love

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2
Q

Sophia means?

A

Wisdom

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3
Q

Also known as the pursuit of wisdom.
A search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means.

A

Philosophy

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4
Q

Who are the three philosophers in ancient greek?

A

Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

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5
Q

“Know thyself”

A

Socrates

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6
Q

“An unexamined life is not worth living”

A

Socrates

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7
Q

Socrates suggested that the self exist in two parts:

A

Soul
Body

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8
Q

-Immortal, perfect and ideal
-belongs to the ideal realm

A

Soul

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9
Q

-Mortal and impure
-Belongs to the physical realm

A

Body

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10
Q

Socrates believed that…

A

-When we are in the physical realm we are alive and our body and soul are attached.
-When we die our body stays in the physical realm while our soul travels into the ideal realm.

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11
Q

Carefully examining one’s thoughts and emotions to gain self knowledge

A

Socratic Method

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12
Q

According to Plato the self has three parts:

A

Reason
Spirit/Passion
Physical Appetite

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13
Q

“Genuine happiness can only be achieved by people who constantly make sure that their reason is in control.”

A

Plato

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14
Q

It is your capacity to think, rationality

A

Reason

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15
Q

This is the Basic emotions/ emotional side

A

Spirit/Passion

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16
Q

It experiences Hunger, thirst, desire, etc.

A

Physical Appetite

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17
Q

“The body and the soul are one thing”
-He doesn’t believe in the afterlife.
-body dies, soul dies

A

Aristotle

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18
Q

According to Aristotle there are three kinds of souls:

A

Vegetative
Sentient
Rational

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19
Q

It is the physical body that allows things to grow.

A

Vegetative

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20
Q

It has sensual desires, feelings, and emotions.

A

Sentient

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21
Q

It is what makes us humans: Intellect

A

Rational

22
Q

He said that the rational nature of the self is to lead a good, flourishing, and fulfilling life.

A

Aristotle

23
Q

The only philosopher in the medieval period.

A

Saint Augustine

24
Q

Saint Augustine said…

A

-Man is created in god’s image, -Humans are innately good
-Goodness is determined on our capability to return to God

25
Q

According to Saint Augustine the path to return to God could only be found by?

A

Introspection

26
Q

Who are the eight philosophers in the Modern Philosophy Era?

A

Rene Descartes
John Locke
David Hume
Immanuel Kant
Sigmund Freud
Gilbert Ryle
Paul Churchland
Maurice Merleau-Ponty

27
Q

-it is the act of thinking about the self is in itself a proof that there is a self.

A

“I think therefore I am”

28
Q

-he concluded that an individual’s capacity to think is indicative of their existence, setting them apart from other individuals.
-I think therefore I am

A

Rene Descartes

29
Q

It is a thinking entity that doubts, understands, analyzes, questions and reasons.

A

Self

30
Q

For him the primary method of acquiring knowledge is to subject everything to doubt. And that an individual could doubt everything except their thinking.

A

Rene Descartes

31
Q

According to Descartes there are two dimensions of the self:

A

Thinking Entity
Physical Body

32
Q

They are independent from one another, they can exist and function without the other but somehow they are still conjoined with one another.

A

Mind-Body Dichotomy

33
Q

“Tabula Rasa=Blank Slate”
-the self or our identity is constructed primarily from our experiences.
-the self is a collection of our memories organized by our consciousness.

A

John Locke

34
Q

According to john locke it is the foundation of personal identity or the self.

A

Consciousness or Memory

35
Q

“We are nothing more than a collection of perceptions or mental contents that are associated with one another.”

A

David Hume

36
Q

These are direct, vivid and powerful products of immediate experience

A

Impressions

37
Q

These are weak copies of the original expressions

A

Ideas

38
Q

David Hume argued that there is no?

A

No permanent and unchanging self that persists over time

39
Q

He said that the man is a free agent, capable of making a decision for himself.

A

Immanuel Kant

40
Q

Driven by duty and acts towards the fulfillment of that duty.

A

Moral Person

41
Q

Immanuel Kant argued that since a man has free will and reason he can organize the data that he has gathered. Thus this data and the way he organized the data he can now have a..

A

Good idea of his self.

42
Q

For Immanuel Kant the self is comprised of both:

A

Outer Self
Inner Self

43
Q

-It is primarily concerned with material things, social groups, or the roles we assume.
-it is preoccupied with the demands of daily life.

A

Outer self

44
Q

-It pertains to the intangible aspects, beliefs, emotions, thoughts, values, spirituality, personality, desire.
-if you have this effectively you can manage your emotions effectively, have self awareness, have a clear understanding of your values and have a sense of purpose in life.

A

Inner self

45
Q

According to theory the first five years of our lives have a significant impact on our adult life’s molding our personality.

A

Sigmund Freud

46
Q

According to sigmund freud there are three levels of the mind:

A

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious

47
Q

According to sigmund freud there are three provinces or structures of the mind:

A

Id
Ego
Superego

48
Q

The blank is considered as the self according to sigmund freud

A

Ego

49
Q

-The way we do things defines the self
-“I act therefore I am”
-our behaviors, thoughts and emotions make up the various aspects of ourself.

A

Gilbert Ryle

50
Q

According to him the brain is the self.
-it is the physical self and not the imaginary mind that gives us our sense of self.
All we have is the brain and so if the brain is gone there’s no self.

A

Paul Churchland

51
Q

The self is “embodied subjectivity”
-our experience of the world is deeply intertwined with our physical and emotional existence.
-we cannot fully understand ourselves or the world around us without taking into account our bodily experiences and subjective experiences.

A

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

UTS (4 decks)

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