Philosophers Flashcards
[across all units]
John Locke
-valued private property
-people are free and gov’t protects rights
-gov’t governs with consent of people
John Stuart Mill
-rights protect the vulnerable
-freedom only limited if it causes harm to others (harm principle)
Thomas Hobbes
-people will do anything to get ahead
-survival of the fittest
-collectivist
-lots of gov’t involvement
- saw the worst in a lot of things (pessimistic)
Rousseau
-people are born feee but in chains in society
-people are essentially good and equal
-individualist
Edmund Burke
-supports tradition and maintaing “status quo”
-conservative
-gov’t is essential to maintain tradition and ensure a society based on law and order
Montesquieu
-supported separation of powers
-people should be free but rights protected
-individualist
Adam Smith
-wealth of nations is created by wealth produced by individuals
-classical liberalism
- invisible hand theory
Karl Marx
- communism
Milton Friedman
-supported monetarism (controls amount of money in circulation)
-supply side economics
-economic busts were the result of booms
Fredrich Hayek
-classical liberalism
-opponent of Keynes
-his ideas inspired neo-conservatives
- in a collectivist society, lots of gov’t intervention isnt sufficient
John Maynard Keynes
-demand side economics
-modern liberalism
-monetary and fiscal policy
Robert Owen
-workers worked better when they were treated better
-utopian socialist
Friedrich Engels
-founder of Marxism/Communist Manifesto (along with Marx)
