Philo Roots of Education Flashcards
- Expected outcome
- contends that reality lies in our consciousness or our
intellect. - envisions schools that are intellectual centers of teaching and learning, where teachers guide the students to realize their intellectual potential and appreciate the finest and enduring achievements of culture.
Idealism
- Individual differences
- advocates that reality is outside of our minds. They are not internal to our minds as idealists claim.
Realism
- Evidence
- evaluates the truth and meaning of ideas according to their physical consequences and practical value.
Pragmatism
- Values
- assert that the primary purpose of education is to bring students in contact with the truth by cultivating their intellect and sense of rationality or reasoning power.
Perennialism
- Traditional Approach and authoritative teaching
- a teacher-centered philosophy that adheres to the belief that the basic skills of literacy (reading and writing) and numeracy (arithmetic) as well as subject-
matter knowledge
Essentialism
- more on Practical and opposite of Essentialism - facilitates
- belong to a reform movement that opposed the traditional education. They were against: 1) authoritarian teachers, 2) book-based instruction, 3) rote memorization, and 4) authoritarian classroom management.
Progressivism
- Rooted on Progressivism but more on social aspect
- They sought to make schools the center of larger social reforms.
Social Reconstructionism
- subjectivity to human experiences
- a philosophy that emphasizes the subjectivity of human experience. It is more a process of philosophizing than it is a philosophy.
Existentialism
The belief that we should study logic, critical thinking, and the scientific method to teach students to perceive and understand reality.
Realism
Teachers assuming all students understand lessons when they may not, and expecting all students to follow rules and have the same facilities when their situations vary.
Idealism
A high school English class where students spend a significant portion of their time analyzing and discussing classic works like Shakespeare’s “Hamlet” or Plato’s “Republic,” with the teacher focusing on the timeless themes of human nature, morality, and justice present in these texts, rather than solely analyzing the historical context or contemporary interpretations that might change over time.
Perennialism
To suggest problems to his pupil and to stimulate them to find by themselves the solution which will work. The teacher must provide opportunities for the natural development of innate qualities if the children.
Pragmatism
This approach stresses that students should be taught the “essentials” of the curriculum, such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. The principles of essentialism in education include teacher-centered instruction, focusing on fundamentals instead of electives, and a strong focus on discipline.
Essentialism
This means that students are challenged to think critically by reflecting on inequities found in society and exploring them. For example, students might be studying the issue of gender inequity in the past and be asked to relate it to gender inequity issues that are still going on today.
Social Reconstructionism
Engaging students in real-world problem- solving activities
Progressivism
- a philosophy that emphasizes the subjectivity of human experience. It is more a process of philosophizing than it is a philosophy.
- help students find meaning and directions in their lives.
Existentialism
- addresses reality
- refers to the knowledge or the curriculum.
Metaphysics
examines issues related to nature, existence or being
Ontology
related with the nature and origin of the universe
Cosmology
- concerned with the nature of knowledge, how we acquire
knowledge - is concerned with the methods of teaching.
Epistemology
- related to value
- relates to behavior, civility, appreciation, expression.
Axiology
related to issues in morality and conduct
Ethics
concerned with beauty
Aesthetics
is a set of related beliefs that influence what and how students
are taught.
Philosophy of education
Philosophy originated with the ancient Greek
word Philo which means _____ and Sophie
which means _____
“love of wisdom”
